266 CELL INTELLIGENCE THE CAUSE OF EVOLUTION 



perience or information in the matter they know from the 

 beginning what is the right thing to do. Why? Because 

 one is a structure made to move on both land and water, 

 while the other, the chick, is made to move on land only. 

 It would be absurd to think that the builders of these 

 structures did not know for what purpose the structures 

 were made. 



The majority of scientists now seem to agree that there 

 is no difference between instinct and intelligence. Mr. 

 Ribot states, after having considered the different instinc- 

 tive actions of man and animal : "There is therefore no 

 absolute distinction between instinct and intelligence. 

 There is not a single characteristic that remains the ex- 

 clusive property of either." Then he cites as illustrations, 

 among others, the actions of the bees, ants and wasps, 

 and states: "Neither is instinct always^so blind, so me- 

 chanical as is supposed, for at times it is at fault. The 

 wasp that has faultily trimmed the leaf begins again. The 

 bee only gives the hexagonal form to its cell after many 

 attempts and alterations." Bees that have never seen 

 the gathering of honey nor the building of the comb will 

 go at the work as if they had been practising for years. 

 A bird raised in captivity, who has never seen a nest be- 

 fore, will at the proper time build one just like its parent's 

 if given a chance. These intelligent acts are called in- 

 stinctive. This intelligence must be somewhere in the 

 animal. The cell that caused the construction of the 

 young bird had been in the nest building business for 

 ages. 



We do not need to know how life originated nor what 

 it is in order to know the cause of heredity and of develop- 

 ment of life, because we can see by the power of the 

 microscope that certain animals or beings we call cells 

 are the builders of all those living things that we can see 



