296 CELL INTELLIGENCE THE CAUSE OF EVOLUTION 



the Echinoderms. Now Maebius, upon the occasion of a 

 treatise upon the Folliculina ampulla, a ciliated Infusoria 

 presenting complicated and interesting movements, prop- 

 erly remarks that every time an animal repeats the same 

 action under influence of the same excitations, that fact 

 proves that the animal is possessed of a memory. In fact 

 memory is one of the most elementary of psychological 

 facts. 



"Lastly the primary instincts, according to M. Ro- 

 manes, begin first with the larvae of insects and with 

 annelids. We give in contradiction of this statement the 

 recent observations of Verworn, which reveal the exist- 

 ence of curious instincts among the rhizopods. The 

 DifHugia urceolata, which inhabits a shell formed of par- 

 ticles of sand emits long pseudopodia, which search at 

 the bottom of the water for the materials necessary to 

 construct a new case for the filial organism to which it 

 gives birth by division. The pseudopod, after having 

 touched a particle of sand, contracts and the grain of sand 

 adhering to the pseudopod is seen to pass into the body of 

 the animal. Verworn instead of grains of sand placed 

 small fragments of colored glass about the animal ; some 

 time afterward he noticed a heap of these fragments on 

 the bottom of the shell. He then saw a bunch of proto- 

 plasm issue from the cell, representing the new difflugia 

 produced by division. Thereupon the materials collected 

 by the mother-organism the fragments of colored glass 

 came forth from the shell and enveloped the body of the 

 new individual in a sheath similar to that encasing the 

 mother. These fragments of glass loosely interjoined at 

 first were now cemented together by a substance secreted 

 by the body of the animal. 



"Two facts are to be remarked in this observation : 

 First The act whereby the difBugia collects the mater- 



