x ii DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 



PLATE IV. Fig. 6. Anthocaris belia. 

 contd. Fig. 7. Ditto, var. simplonia. 



Fig. 8. Anthocaris eupheno, female. 

 Fig. 9. Ditto, male. 



Fig. 10. Anthocaris euphemoides. 



Fig. 11. Papilio machaon. 



Fig. 12. Papilio podalirius. 



Fig. 13. Pieris napi, summer form. 

 Fig. 14. Ditto, winter form. 

 Fig. 15. Ditto, var. bryoniai (alpine form). 

 Fig. 16. Ditto, summer form, underside. 

 Fig. 17. Ditto, winter form, underside. 

 Fig. 18. Ditto, var. Iryonice, underside. 



Figs. 13-18 illustrate admirably the variations of the yeUow and black 

 in the same species. 



PLATE V. Fig. 1. Araschnia prorsa, male. 

 p. 44. Fig. 2. Ditto, female. 



Fig. 3. Araschnia levana, female. 

 Fig. 4. Ditto, male. 



Fig. 5. Parayra aiyeria. 



Fig. 6. Araschnia porima. 

 Fig. 7. Ditto, var. meione. 



Fig. 8. Grapta interrogation's. 

 Fig. 9. Ditto. 



Fig. 10. Ditto. 



Fig. 11. Papilio Ajax, var. Walshii. 

 Fig. 12. Ditto, var. telamonidcs. 



Fig. 13. Ditto, var. Marcellus. 



Figs. 1-5 are all one species ; levana being the winter form, prorsa the 

 summer form, and porima intermediate. Similiarly 6-7 are the same 

 species, meione being the southern form. So with 8-9 and 11-13, which 

 are only seasonal varieties. Here we can actually trace the way in which 

 varieties are formed. See Weismann's work, cited in the text. 



PLATE VI. Syncoryne pnlchella, magnified. After Professor Allman. Gymno- 

 p. 62. blastic or Tubularian Hydroids. Kay Soc., 1871, pi. vi., figs. 1 



and 3. 

 Fig. 1. A planoblast as seen passively floating in the water after 



liberation. 

 Fig. 2. The entire hydrosoma of syncoryne. 



a. The spadix. 



b. The medusso or planoblasts in various stages of develop- 



ment. 



