44 MAKING BREAD. [No. 



sell, upon an average, for full a fifth part as much as 

 the wheat sells for, per bushel, while they contain 

 four pounds less weight than the bushel of wheat ; 

 while they yield only five pounds and a half of nu- 

 tritious matter equal to bread ; and while the bushel 

 of wheat will yield sixty-five pounds of bread, be- 

 sides the ten pounds of bran. Hence it is clear, 

 that, instead of that saving, which is everlastingly 

 dinned in our ears, from the use of potatoes, there is 

 a waste of more than one half ; seeing that, when 

 wheat is ten shillings (English) the bushel, you can 

 have sixty-five pounds of bread for the ten shillings ; 

 and can have out of potatoes only five pounds and a 

 half of nutritious matter equal to bread for two shil- 

 lings ! (English.) This being the case, I trust that we 

 shall soon hear no more of those savings which the 

 labourer makes by the use of potatoes ; I hope we 

 shall, in the words of Dr. DRENNAN, " leave Ire- 

 land to her lazy root," if she choose still to adhere 

 to it. It is the root, also, of slovenliness, filth, mi- 

 sery, and slavery ; its cultivation has increased in 

 England with the increase of the paupers : both, I 

 thank God, are upon the decline. Englishmen seem 

 to be upon the return to beer and bread, from water 

 and potatoes : and, therefore, I shall now proceed to 

 offer some observations to the cottager, calculated to 

 induce him to bake his own bread. 



81. As I have before stated, sixty pounds of wheat, 

 that is to say, where the Winchester bushel weighs 

 sixty pounds, will make sixty-five pounds of bread, 

 besides the leaving of about ten pounds of bran. 

 This is household bread, made of flour from which 

 the bran only is taken. If you make fine flour, you 

 take out pollard, as they call it, as well as bran, and 

 then you have a smaller quantity of bread and a 

 greater quantity of offal; but, even of this finer 

 bread, bread equal in fineness to the baker's bread, 

 you get from Jifty-eight to fifty-nine pounds out of 

 the bushel of wheat. Now, then, let us see how 

 many quartern loaves you get out of the bushel of 

 wheat, supposing it to be fine flour, in the first place. 



