212 



The Country House 



always to be gotten the experiment is risky, to say the least. Because the tin 

 lining has no real hold on the lead, being simply pressed closely to the latter, it is 



apt to separate from 

 it when the pipe is 

 bent. This often 

 results in a weak 

 place which will 

 burst sooner or later. 

 When used for hot 

 water this style of 

 pipe is at its worst, 

 as the unequal ex- 

 pansion of the two 

 metals soon leaves 

 the lining loose on 

 the inside. 



For use in the 

 hot-water system the 

 brass or copper 

 pipe is without 

 question the best; 

 lead is too soft to 

 stand the heat test, 

 and wrought iron 



will rust rapidly. The joints used in the connections should be threaded; 

 where union joints are used, they should be of the ground-joint pattern. 

 Under no circumstances use a soldered joint. The initial expenditure necessitated 

 by the use of brass or copper will be more than a saving, if we consider the repair ex- 

 penses attending the use of lead or iron. In the exposed work, where the several 

 pipes are put up together, they should be separated by at least an inch; or more, 

 if possible. 



In the adjusting of pipes that run horizontally or in another than vertical 

 direction, brass may be hung by ornamental hangers or bands, at reasonable dis- 

 tances apart to avoid sagging. Lead should be run on boards placed for the pur- 

 pose, and affixed to it by bands or metal tacks placed close enough to avoid any 

 possibility of sag. The board support should be used in vertical runs of lead 

 as well. 



Hot-water pipes running horizontally should be inclined upward in the direc- 

 tion of the flow of the water. Never let it drop below the level unless you wish 

 to stop or injure the circuit. Hot-water pipes should never be allowed to sag. 

 The arrangement in all houses should be such that all the water may be drained 

 from the system if so desired. Whether this be done by inclining the pipe or by a 

 stop and waste is immaterial, although the former method should be employed if 

 practical. 



The sizes of pipe vary, but they are ordinarily |-inch for outlets, J-inch for 

 hot and cold water supplies, and i-inch for the main service pipe. The supply 



End of a first-story laundry showing the relative position of the soapstone tubs to the light 



