2l6 



The Country House 



the suction pump, which has all its working parts above the well and within easy 

 reach. For this reason the latter is the more frequently used. 



For deep wells (say 150 feet or less) the lift pump with air-chamber 

 attachment is excellent. This may also be used as a combined lift and force 

 pump by the use of simple attachments (see Fig. 36). The air chamber should be 

 used on all plunger force pumps, as it allows of a greater discharge of water 

 in a given time, and also a more uniform flow of water, which is most desirable. 

 In the section shown the pump can be used in the ordinary way by closing the 

 pipe in the air chamber with the cap (c) and drawing water from the faucet (d), 

 or by closing the faucet and connecting the aforesaid pipe with piping main to 

 supply tank it may be used as a force pump. In this latter arrangement a stop 

 cock is fitted to the pipe connection above the air chamber, so that the pump 

 may be used either way desired. In cases of fire a hose can be attached n> the 

 faucet, and the water forced through it in the same manner as through the pipe. 

 The cut shows the operation of this style of pump. The water is at 

 about the level in the air chamber that it would occupy while the pump was work- 

 ing and the air under pressure. Suppose the faucet to be open and the pump to 



be empty, the cylinder is supposed to 

 be submerged in the water of the \\cll, 

 and, as is ordinarily the case with such 

 pumps, is from 2 to 3 inches in its in- 

 side diameter, while the outlet of the 

 faucet is I to \\ inches. We start the 

 pump and the water gradually rises to 

 the check valve (a), and, passing 

 through it, finds an outlet through the 

 faucet. Owing to the fact that the 

 cylinder and the water channel ab\e 

 are of larger diameter than the faucet 

 outlet, all the water cannot be ejei-red 

 as the result of each upward stroke of 

 the plunger rod. Therefore the surplus 

 is forced into the air chamber, compress- 

 ing the air (b) to about half its normal 

 bulk. The downward motion of the 

 plunger exerts no pressure on the water; 

 rather it relieves it. Naturally the water 

 would fall back, and were it not for the 

 air chamber and valve (a) the water 

 would cease to flow from the faucet. 

 As it is, the compressed air (b) exerts the spring of its compression, the v;ilu 

 (a) closes and the water is still forced out of the faucet, and before the air 

 chamber has been emptied a new supply has been brought forward. It will 

 further be seen that as the flow of water is continuous air cannot pass back into 

 the pump, and a consequent loss of power is avoided. 



As the piping in such a well is naturally long, it should have some cross sup- 



A double lavatory similar to one shown on opposite page 



