248 



The Country House 



Section through flujh- tank.. .-..' 



The main discharging drains, which lead from the tank to the lesser dis- 

 tributing drains, are ordinarily 4-inch, laid with cement joints and connected by Y 

 or T branches. Starting from the tank at a depth of 2 feet, they gradually reach the 

 depth of and connect with the lesser distributing drains. With this arrangement 

 it will be seen that the field of irrigation is somewhat removed from immediate 

 contact with the house. 



The above system, as described by Colonel Waring, is on the following lines: 

 A double-chambered flush tank is located at some distance from the house and 

 discharges intermittently through the main pipe, which is laid with cement joints 



and has a pitch of about 4 inches 

 to 100 feet. This pitch, with the 

 natural falling off of the land, will 

 bring the pipe to the sub-surface 

 under ordinary conditions. The 

 connections with the tile lines are 

 made from the bottom of this pipe. 

 There should be a gate on each 

 branch of the distribution, so that 

 they may be used in rotation to 

 receive the discharge (see Fig. 46). 

 He suggests that the lesser dis- 

 tributing pipes be 4-inch horsr- 

 shoe tiles, laid in trenches of small 

 broken stone or pebbles. These 

 should be pitched 2 inches to 100 

 feet so as to avoid an accumulation 

 of matter at the end of the drains. 

 The double-chambered flush 

 tank (see Fig. 46) consists of two 

 circular masonry tanks with solid 

 \\alls, the first and smallerchamber 

 of which holds back the solids and 

 scum, while the second chamber accumulates the liquids ready for discharge. 1 he 

 discharging chamber should be made large enough to hold the product of at least 

 twelve hours; it may be enlarged for a twenty-four-hour deposit, but no larger. 

 The house drain or inlet (f), discharges into the receiving compartment (c) of 

 the settling chamber (a). The discharge being more or less agitated, it is necessary 

 to make two compartments of the settling chamber so that the overflow (h) may 

 hot carry solids into the discharging chamber (b). The overflow compartment 

 (d), being separated from the receiving compartment, is not disturbed by the 

 inflow, and is thus effective. When the discharging chamber becomes full the 

 syphon discharges automatically the entire contents. Manholes are made in the 

 top of each chamber so that it can be readily gotten at and cleansed. 



The chief objection to this sort of flush tank lies in the fact that the receiv- 

 ing compartment has all the worse characteristics of a cesspool. For this reason 

 the tank should be located at some distance from the house and be cleaned of 



plan of ' 



Fij. 46. Showing the flush tank for the sub-soil system, with 

 plan of pipe outlay 



a. Settling chamber 



b. IMS, harming chamber 



c. Receiving compartment 



d. Overflow compartment 



e. Siphon 



f. Inlet 

 a. Outlet 

 E. Overflow 



k. House 



m. Flush tank 



n. Distributing outlets 



