26 DARWINIANISM. 



Reid, he is led to say a good deal of more consequence as in 

 regard to " instructive " as distinguished from " trifling " 

 propositions. Berkeley says little else but that our know- 

 ledge must be where it is and as it is ; that is, it must be 

 internal and ideal only. And as for Hume, we may allow 

 his own appraisement of himself to be still the right one : 

 he tells Hutcheson that his (Hume's) " reasonings will be 

 more useful by furnishing hints and exciting people's 

 curiosity, than as containing any principles that will 

 augment the stock of knowledge." 



All that is excellently introductory, however, to Eeid, 

 and Stewart, and Brown ; as these, in turn, are again 

 excellently introductory especially wiili the indispensable 

 Descartes, and Spinoza, and Leibnitz to the Greeks and 

 the Germans. 



The three psychologists, indeed, have been very 

 specially valuable for Scotland. Not only have they 

 constituted, positively, during three generations, the 

 business of its philosophical Chairs; but they have sufficed, 

 negatively, to preclude the entrance into Scottish Universi- 

 ties of that extraordinary material that deluges England 

 those abstract copy-lines, brocards, that, though words, 

 are to have the force of things, and which we owe to 

 certain belated, but very stiff, prim, and positive sages, 

 all saturated with the wisdom of David Hume. These 

 were simply stupefied with astonishment that Demand 

 and Supply would not work when the United States 

 stopped it ! A John Stuart Mill is starched to a single 

 maxim ; but, says Hegel, " he who acts on a single maxim 

 is a pedant, and just spoils all, both for himself and the 

 others." 



