xi.j THE RACES OF THE DANUBE. 215 



as well as in the Du-ieper, Z)-iester, and Dan-ube ; 

 and even -in the Are-don in the Caucasus. This 

 is one example out of hundreds by which we trace 

 the former ubiquity of the Kelts, who as late as 

 the Christian era were present in large numbers as 

 far east as Bohemia. 



The second "series of invading Aryan swarms 

 consisted of Germans, who began by pushing the 

 Kelts westward, and ended by overruning a great 

 part of their territory and mixing with them to a 

 considerable extent. There is some German blood 

 in Spain, and a good deal in France and Northern 

 Italy; and the modern English, while Keltic at 

 bottom, are probably half Teutonic in blood, as 

 they are predominantly Teutonic in language and 

 manners. The Vandals, Goths, Alemans, Suevi, 

 Burgundians, Lombards, Franks, Saxons, and Nor- 

 mans, who invaded and reconstructed the Roman 

 Empire between the fifth and eleventh centuries, 

 were all Germans, and there is no reason to suppose 

 that they differed except in their tribal names. 

 From the fifth century onward these Germans en- 

 croached upon the territory of the Empire, mainly 

 because they were pushed forward by Aryan Slavs 

 and Tataric Huns who attacked them from the 

 east. Throughout the classic period of antiquity, 



