XL] THE RACES OF THE DANUBE. 227 



been placed ; but there is no doubt that their careers 

 have been sufficiently different. In the ninth century 

 the Hungarians were as great a terror to Christendom 

 as the Turks were in the fifteenth ; but the Magyars, 

 after failing to break through the bulwark of Chris- 

 tianised Germans, which the genius of Charles the 

 Great had prepared for such emergencies, settled 

 down quietly in Pannonia to which they have given 

 the name of Hungary and became converted to the 

 Roman form of Christianity. But in the course of 

 this settlement, the Magyars interfered seriously with 

 the integrity of the Slavonic communities on the 

 Danube. They tore away a considerable portion of 

 Croatia and Serbia, and subjected so many Slavic 

 tribes that at the present day the Slavs outnumber 

 the Magyars, even within the limits of Hungary 

 itself. 1 



In calling the Magyars the only non-Aryan in- 

 vaders who have secured a permanent foot-hold in 

 European territory, I had forgotten, for the moment, 

 the Bulgars who conquered Lower Moesia in the 

 beginning of the sixth century. These Bulgars were 

 a Tatar race, known also as Ugrians, a name of which 



1 In 1850 the population of Hungary was thus divided : Magyars, 

 5,000,000 ; Slavs, 6,000,000 ; Germans and Jews, 1,600,000 ; Rumans 

 in Transylvania, 3,000,000. 



Q 2 



