CHAPTER ELEVEN 



Tramps FOLLOWING in some degree the plan of our outings 

 abroad ' m the South, already described, I made in 1879, 

 1 88 1, and 1883, summer excursions to Europe with 

 groups of students. 



Traveling as economically as possible, and living 

 in third-class hotels, we indeed saw what my pros- 

 pectus promised, "something of the real life of the 

 people/' A practicable type of bicycle having not 

 yet been invented, and carriages being costly, we 

 went largely on foot. We thus roamed over Holland, 

 Belgium, and France, and sought out picturesque 

 walks in Germany, like the one from Drachenfels 

 and Rolandseck by way of Oberwesel to St. Goar. 

 At one time or another, also, we crossed nearly all 

 the Swiss mountain passes, high and low. We 

 climbed the Breithorn, Alphiibel, Monte Moro, Piz 

 Languard, and Piz Corvatsch; and finally, in 1881, 

 some of us attacked the Matterhorn. In 1881 

 Gilbert, Anderson, and William W. Spangler, a 

 student, went as assistants, partly that I might have 

 freedom to work in Natural History. In 1883, for 

 the same reason, I had the help of Swain and Curry. 

 Swiss From the Swiss Alps we always walked down to 



Italy, not only by way of the conventional Spliigen, 

 Simplon, St. Gotthard, and Maloja passes, but also 

 in wilder ways. Twice we tramped over the snowy 

 Gries past the noble Tosa Fall to Domo d'Ossola, and 

 once across from Saas-im-Grund over the Monte 

 Moro by the side of Monte Rosa to Macugnaga 



C 250 3 



mountain 

 passes 



