SECT. I. ORGANOGRAPHY AND GLOSSOLOGY. 51 



bricated condition, would seem to indicate. Buds are 

 sort of nascent germ, originating within the stem, from 

 the surface of which they ultimately protrude, and are 

 developed (fig. 42.). 



In ordinary cases, buds are formed about the places 

 where the leaves unite with the stem ; and they are 

 most frequently situate immediately above the " axil" 

 of the leaf or place where this union occurs (fig. 42. a). 

 In some plants, however, the buds are produced on the 

 sides of the axils; and, in some, even within the space 

 covered by the leaf- stalk, where, conse- ^ 4, 

 quently, they lie concealed until the leaf falls. 

 Buds may, however, be developed, under pe- 

 culiar circumstances, from any part of the 

 stem ; and such are called " adventitious " 

 buds, to distinguish them from those which 

 are formed in the ordinary way. 



(58.) Shoots. In the early stages of 

 their development, branches are termed 

 " shoots ;'" and, when they rise from under- 

 ground stems, and their leaves assume the 

 form of scales, as in the common asparagus 

 (fig. 43.), the shoot is termed a " turio." 

 In this plant, the leaves are never fur- 

 ther developed ; but buds are formed and 

 branches proceed from the axils of the 

 scales. 



(59-) Branches. In very many plants, but more 

 especially in dicotyledonous species, we find the stem 

 furnished with "branches." But monocotyledonous 

 plants do not so generally put forth branches, if we 

 except certain species in which they are always pro- 

 duced (as in the asparagus), as readily as in Dicoty- 

 ledons. But most monocotyledonous trees, especially 

 among the palms, are without them ; and the same is 

 true of others, as with the dragon-tree Dracaena draco] 

 in a young state; though they are developed after- 

 wards, at an advanced age. Branches have precisely 

 the same organisation as the stem ; and they may, 

 E 2 



