262 LANDSCAPE GARDENING 



not help to tie the dwellings in with the more or 

 less irregular surroundings of American suburbs. 



Where views can be seen from the house, the 

 planting of the villa garden should be such as to 

 emphasize the prospect, and wherever any objec- 

 tionable views occur they should be screened by a 

 judicious use of shrubs. Where the grounds are 

 of sufficient extent, games and recreations enter 

 into the problem. The laying out of tennis- 

 courts, bowling-greens, swimming-pools, and even 

 tracks and base-ball diamonds must often be taken 

 into consideration in connection with villa gar- 

 dens. The landscaping of a villa is influenced 

 largely by its scale, but it occurs as a sort of middle 

 ground between the formal and the informal types, 

 using sometimes the freedom of the one, and some- 

 times the restraint of the other. 



Topiary work has long been associated with 

 formal gardening, and would appear to be at vari- 

 ance with many types of planting, and altogether 

 individualistic (see Fig. 58). Upon close study, 

 one finds that, instead of being sharply differenti- 

 ated, this type of planting is really a form of the 

 gardenesque. Topiary was introduced into Eng- 

 land by William of Orange and Queen Mary in the 

 sixteenth century. It became a fashion among the 



