Xii GLOSSARY. 



Cross-veins. Veins perpendicular, more or less, to the longitudinal axis of the 

 wings. They are termed the humeral, subcostal, marginal, anterior, 

 posterior, and discal; whilst in one subfamily of TIPULID^E is found 

 a special cross-vein which I have designated the costal. 



Cubital vein. A name applied by the older authors to the 3rd longitudinal 

 vein. 



Cyclocera. Schiner's and Brauer's term for the NOTACANTIIA and TANYSTOMA 

 taken together. 



Dermatina. " Erernochfetous species in the sense that there are no strong 

 bristles on any part of the thorax or scutelluin " ( Verrall). Verrall's 

 name for the SCENOPINID.E and MYDAID^E taken together. 



Dichoptic. Applied to the head when the eyes in the male are separated by 

 a distinct more or less broad frons ; as opposed to holoptic. 



Discal cell. The conspicuous cell near the centre of the wing in a large 

 number of Diptera (p. 8). 



Discal vein. Some of the older authors spoke of the 4th longitudinal vein 

 under this term. 



Distad. Away from, the body or the base of any part ; as opposed to 

 proximad. 



Distal. Nearer the outer extremity than to the body or to the base of any 

 organ. 



Divaricate. Applied to the habit of some insects of resting with the wings 

 (and often the legs also) stretched out flat on the surface of the 

 object ; as opposed to those which fold the wings over the abdomen 

 when at rest. Used by many authors in writing on TIPULID.E. 



Diverticulum. The sucking stomach in Diptera. 



Dolichocephalous. When the head is longer than it is wide. 



Empodium. "A median appendage on the underside of and between the 

 claws, either in the form of a pad, like the pulvilli, when it is called 

 pulvilliform, or like a bristle or spine ; rarely it is alone present and 

 the pulvilli wanting " ( Williston). 



Ettergopoda. A superfamily. " Cluetophorous species in the sense that there 

 are strong and usually numerous bristles on the scutelluin and legs ; 

 or at least on the sides of the mesonotum ; except in the few cases 

 in which dense coarse pubescence is substituted" (Verrall). Verrall's 

 name for the APIOCERID^E and ASILID^. Osten Sacken also included 

 DOLICHOPID-E, EMPID.E, and LONCHOPTERID.E, and was inclined to admit 

 also PHORID.E into the same group. 



Kpipharynx. A narrow piece lying immediately below the Jabrum or upper 

 lip "in those kinds of Diptera with a highly developed mouth. Be- 

 tween these two parts, which form a long tube, the insect sucks up 

 moisture from flowers, the blood of animals, or other sustenance. 



Epistoma, epistome. The mouth-opening and its immediate vicinity : often 

 used by the older authors to signify practically all the lower part of 

 the head below the eyes, except the palpi and any specially developed 

 part of the proboscis. 



