530 . TIPULID^E. 



Genus ERIOCERA, Macq. 



Caloptera, Guerin, Voy. de la Coq., Zool. Ins. pi. xx (1830). 

 Evanioptera, Gu6rin, /. c., Zool. ii, p. 2 (1830). 

 Eriocera, Macquart, Dipt. Exot. i, 1, p. 74 (1838). 

 Pterocosmus, Walker, List Dipt. Brit. Mus. i, p. 78 (1848). 

 Oligomera, Doleschall, Natuurk. Tijds. Ned. Ind. xiv, p. 387 (1857). 

 Physecrania, Bigot, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (3) vii, p. 123 (1859). 

 Arrhenica, Oaten Sacken, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. p. 242 

 (1859), 



GENOTYPE, Limnobia nigra, Wied. ; according to Coquillett, 

 and apparently by Macquart's designation. 



Head : eyes widely separated above by a broad frons which has 

 often a more or less conspicuous gibbosity, which is sometimes 

 bituberculate, the swelling placed behind the antennae ; the eyes 

 widely separated below. Proboscis short and broad, sometimes 

 not easily seen, the terminal labella sometimes very large and con- 

 spicuous. Palpi moderately long, sometimes as long as the head ; 

 1st and 2nd joints elongate, 3rd shorter, 4th longest of all, 

 the relative lengths varying in the different species. There are 

 two types of antennae in the male, in which sex there are only six 

 joints, whilst in the female there are ten. In the males of some 

 species (E. longicornis, Walk., of North America, for example) the 

 antennae are over twice the full length of the body, but in any 

 case much longer than in the female of the same species. In the 

 second type, the male antenna is practically no longer than that 

 of the female. The antennae of the elongated type vary much 

 according to the species, not only in their actual and relative 

 lengths as compared with the females, but also in their structure 

 and in the nature of their pubescence. The 1st scapal joint is 

 (in the male antennae of the elongated type) subcylindrical, rather 

 stout, the 2nd joint being very short, annular; the flagellum 

 filiform, gradually attenuated towards the tip, the 1st joint being 

 about as long as the thorax, the 2nd a little longer, the 3rd about 

 equal to the first two taken together, the 4th being still longer 

 than the 3rd ; the flagellar joints beset on the underside, at more 

 or less regular intervals, with strong spine-like bristles, which 

 gradually become less bristly and more hair-like towards the tip 

 of the antennae ; the upperside of the flagellum glabrous in some 

 species, in others with even pubescence like that on the under- 

 side, some additional longer irregular hairs appearing towards 

 the tip of the antennae. The male antennae of the shorter type 

 would, if bent backwards, just reach the root of the wing : they 

 are rather coarsely hairy, without verticels ; the scape is of the 

 normal form, and in the flagellum the first joint is the longest. 

 In the female the antennae appear to have a general resemblance 

 to those of the male of the short type, namely a subcyliudrical 

 basal joint to the scape, followed by a shorter second joint, the 

 1st joint of the flagellum being the longest in the whole antenna. 



