1UIYPHUS. 551 



according to Dufour, but Ferris illustrates fifteen, those three 

 following the head being regarded as thoracic segments. These 

 latter are ornamented by four elongated black marks on each, 

 longitudinally placed (Ferris does not show them). The head is 

 bluntly oval, horny, ferruginous, possessing on each side a thick 

 blunt projection bearing a minute one-jointed antenna. A pair 

 of two-jointed elongate palpi, a middle lip-like piece below the 

 somewhat projecting centre of the anterior border of the head, and 

 a pair of small palp-like organs outside of the palp, complete 

 the head appendages. Two small black eye-spots on the dorsum 

 of the head. 



The larva emerges from its food-bed to pupate, fixing itself to 

 something for the purpose. The pupa is lU millim. long, bare, 

 obvolute, elongate subcylindrical, reddish in colour, with rows of 

 short bristles around the segments. A broad thoracic portion, 

 of which the anterior third is depressed, forming the head, which 

 is flattened considerably and bears below a radiating circle of stiff 

 hairs. A large ear-like projection on each side of the thoracic 

 section. Dufour gives good figures of the pupa. 



The perfect insects are found generally distributed, one species, 

 11. fenestralis, being fairly common, though rarely abundant, on 

 the windows in houses in Europe and North America. Other 

 species are sylvan and perform aerial dances under trees by the 

 side of roads in woody regions. 



No less than six species of llhyplms from the East have come 

 before me, including the only one previously recorded (R. maculi- 

 pennis, Wulp) ; a European species, 21. punctatus, F., about the 

 identification of which there can be little doubt ; and also a variety 

 of the common European fenestralis, Scop. 



All these forms are rather easily separated by the following 

 characters : 



Table of Species. 



1. Antennae conspicuously vari-coloured. 2. 



Antennae wholly black 3. 



5. Subapical clear spot in wing (at tip of 

 2nd longitudinal vein) elongated, 



and entirely clear maculipennis, Wulp, p. 552. 



The above spot nearly circular, and 

 enclosing a distinct round dark spot, pulchricornis, Brim., p. 553. 



3. Thorax bluish ash-grey with chocolate- 



coloured stripes 4. 



Thorax yellow, or brownish yellow, 

 with reddish brown stripes 5. 



4. Wing more deeply and extensively 



marked; distinct blackish spot at 



tip, whole distal margin more or [Brun., p. 554. 



less light bladdsh grey fenestralis, Scop., var. indicus, 



Wing much less deeply marked, and 

 quite clear on distal portion, beyond 

 the cross-veins ; no apical spot what- 

 ever punctattts, F., p. 555. 



