THE PROBLEM OF DOMESTICATION 



The Conditions of Domestication ; Effects on Society ; Share of the Races of Men in the 

 Work. Evils of Non-Intercourse with Domesticated Animals as in Cities ; Remedies. 

 Scientific Position of Domestication ; Future of the Art. List of Species which may 

 Advantageously be Domesticated. Peculiar Value of the Birds and Mammals. Impor- 

 tance of Groups which tenant High Latitudes. Plan for Wilderness Reservations ; 

 Relation to National Parks. Project for International System of Reservations. Nature 

 of Organic Provinces ; Harm done to them by Civilized Men. Way in which Reser- 

 vations would Serve to Maintain Types of the Life of the Earth ; how they may be 

 Founded. Summary and Conclusions. 



THE advance of mankind from the primitive savagery 

 has been accomplished in many ways. Among the various 

 paths of onward and upward going, however, we trace three 

 which have served greatly to secure the elevation of our 

 estate. First of all, culture came through the use of the 

 hands in the development of the simpler arts. Next, these 

 arts led men to search the stores of the wilderness and of the 

 under earth for materials which could serve them in their 

 advancing crafts. The third important stage in their ongoing 

 was attained when they began to subjugate the animals and 

 plants of the wilds, bringing the creatures to abide in and 

 about the households. Although in general this was the last 

 great step to be taken in the beginnings of civilization, it was 

 on many accounts the most important. 



Until men began to domesticate the forms of the wilder- 

 ness, it was impossible for them to rise above the grade of 

 savages. Their supply of food was necessarily in such a 

 measure limited that their societies had to remain small and 



