62 MICHIGAN SURVEY, 1905. 



on an alder that leaned out over the river. Kingfishers were often seen 

 flying up and down the river and would alight upon the overhanging branches 

 to watch for fish. 



A Cedar Waxwing's nest was found in an alder. This nest was made 

 of mud and dead grass and was built in the top of the shrub. The nest 

 was found July 28, but contained no eggs. 



Almost all of the birds among the alders appeared quite tame, for as soon 

 as I would go into the bushes some bird would begin to scold, nearly always 

 a White-throated Sparrow, and the rest of the birds would come to see what 

 the trouble was about. Redstarts, Mourning Warblers, Black-throated 

 Green Warblers, Oven Birds, Red-eyed Vireos, Swamp Sparrows, Song 

 Sparrows, Wilson's Thrushes, Winter Wrens, Water Thrushes and a Rose- 

 breasted Grosbeak came within a few feet of me. Even the shy Olive- 

 backed Thrush would come within a rod to scold. It w r as very interesting 

 to observe the marked curiosity which they showed. 



4. Damp Woodland (Station IV. 3). 



This was a small strip of maple and ash between the alders, and the maple 

 forest of the slopes. The birds seen here were: Red-eyed Vireo, White- 

 throated Sparrow, Winter Wren, Water Thrush, Black and White Warbler, 

 and Least Flycatcher. 



The trees of this piece of woodland were not very high but were so crowded 

 that they produced a dense shade. This was perhaps the reason why there 

 were so few birds seen here, and why those seen were near the margin. 



5. Tamarack Swamp (Station IV. 4)- 



About a half mile east of the lake where the river turns to the south, 

 there is, on the west bank, a tamarack swamp. The trees of this swamp 

 are arbor vitae, and tamarack, which about the margin of the swamp grow 

 much thicker than in the center. 



The birds observed were as follows: Purple Finch, White-throated 

 Sparrow, Magnolia Warbler, Cedar Waxwing, Red-breasted Nuthatch, 

 Red Crossbill, White-winged Crossbill, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Pine Siskin, 

 Golden-crowned Kinglet and Ruffed Grouse. The two species of Crossbills 

 were probably attracted here by the seeds of the tamarack cones, as the 

 crops of five specimens all contained tamarack seeds. The Red-breasted 

 Nuthatch nested here, as an adult bird was seen feeding three young. The 

 Olive-sided Flycatchers were seen on the tops of tall dead trees. 



6. Carp River (Station IV. 1). 



About a mile and a quarter east of Carp Lake, the river becomes so narrow 

 that the alders which line the banks meet above the middle of the stream 

 and obstruct further passage with a boat. Where the alders line the bank 

 there were few places for wading birds, but where there \vere grassy mud 

 flats between the water and the shrubs Solitary Sandpipers were to be seen 

 at almost any time. The Snipe, however, was only seen July 17 and 18. 

 The only birds seen on the river were Hooded Mergansers. 



7. Dry Woodland (Station IV. 8, North of Carp River). 



This is the upper part of the strip of woodland lying between the cliff 

 and Carp Lake, on the north side of the valley, and occupies the lower part 



