ECOLOGY OF NORTHERN MICHIGAN. 67 



seemed to be more abundant in these two stations. To this class belong the 

 following: Oven Bird, Blackburnian Warbler, Hairy Woodpecker, Brown 

 Creeper and Pileated Woodpecker. 



6. Birds Frequenting the Cliff and Mountain Top. The birds character- 

 istic of this station were the Raven, Pine Warbler, Robin, Bluebird, Flicker, 

 Junco and Chipping Sparrow. 



The two specimens of Pine Warbler, which were observed several times, 

 were always found among the pines that grew on the top and south slope, 

 so it may be said to be characteristic of the pines. 



The Robin and Bluebird were often observed on the bare top of the cliffs, 

 and occasionally the Robin was seen in the camp clearing near by. The 

 Robin and the Bluebird are early migrants and may have settled here because 

 it was on the south side of the mountain and well exposed to the sun and 

 protected from the north winds. 



The Flicker was found here and in a clearing along the south shore of 

 Lake Superior. The Junco was abundant here and was seen in a dry sandy 

 clearing near Ontonagon. It was also abundant on the dry knoll at the 

 edge of Little Carp Lake so that this bird and the Flicker may be said in this 

 region to inhabit dry clearings. They are also examples of the tendancy 

 of natural clearing birds to spread into the artificial clearings. 



The Chipping Sparrow was found here among the pines and on the dry 

 knoll above mentioned. 



The Blue Jay was found on the south slope of the cliff from the top to the 

 edge of Carp Lake and on the dry knoll. 



I have here only attempted to give the distribution of the birds as I found 

 them in the Porcupine Mountains. The distribution of many of these birds 

 may be very different in other localities. This would be an interesting field 

 for study in other regions. 



I am under obligations to the University Museum for the opportunity 

 to make these observations, and I am also much indebted to Mr. Charles 

 C. Adams for assistance in preparing this paper for publication. 



