1 46 Mufcles of the Face. [B ook IX* 



Three pair of mufcles are alfo feated outwards with 

 refpect to die mouth. 



7. The buccinator (or trumpeter) arifes from both 

 jaws, adheres clofely to the membrane of the mouth, 

 and is inferted at its angles. Its effect is to draw the 

 angles of the mouth backwards and outwards, and to 

 contract its cavity, as in blowing a wind i.nftrument, 

 and in pufhing our meat between the teeth. 8. The 

 zygomaticus major arifes from the os malas, near the 

 zygornatic future, and is inferted into the angle of the 

 snouth. When it contracts, it draws the angles of the 

 mouth upwards and outwards, and makes the cheeks 

 prominent as in laughing. 9. The zygomaticus minor 

 defcends obliquely from the prominent part of the os 

 malse, and is inferted into the upper lip near the cor- 

 ner of the mouth. Its ufe is to draw the corner of the 

 mouth obliquely upwards and outwards towards the 

 external corner of the eye. 



The fmgle mufcle, which was mentioned as being 

 formed by the terminations of all the others decuflating 

 each other, is called the orbicularis oris, and entirely 

 furrounds the mouth. x Its ufe is to (hut the mouth, 

 by contracting and drawing both lips together, and to 

 counteract all the mufcles which contribute to its for- 

 mation. 



The mufeles of the face are the organs, which, be- 

 ing affected by the paffions, render the human counte- 

 nance an index of what is paffing in the mind ; and, as 

 all mufcles acquire a greater degree of ftrength as well 

 as pronenefs to action in proportion to the degree in 

 which they are employed, fo the countenance becomes 

 imprefied with a general character, which is the foun- 

 dation of phyfiognomy. For this reafon the counte- 

 nances of old people are more exprefTive, and their 

 likencflbs ittgre. eaiily taken, than thofe of the young, 



thougb 



