Chap. 19.] [ 21$ ] 



CHAP. XIX. 



THE LIVER, SPLEEN, AND PANCREAS. 



Nature and Situation of the Liver. The Gall Bladder. Bile Dufts. 

 Canfe of Jaundice. The Spleen The Pancreas. Its Ufes. 



TH E liver is an organ of a deep red colour, 

 and is by far the largeft gland in the body. It 

 is fituated immediately beneath the diaphragm. .In 

 man, the liver is divided into two portions or lobes, the 

 larger of which is placed in the right hypochondrium, 

 and the fmaller extends acfofs the epigaftric region, 

 towards the left. The liver is divided on the upper 

 and anterior fide into its lobes by a broad ligament, on 

 the lower and pofterior, by a deep fiffure. 



The upper furface of the liver is convex and fmooth, 

 correfponding to the concavity of the diaphragm. The 

 lower furface is concave and uneven. The anterior 

 and inferior margin of the liver is acute, the pofterior 

 and fuperior obtufe. At the back part of the liver, 

 near the great fiffure, there is a triangular eminence, 

 called the fmall lobe of the liver, or lobulus Spigelii. 

 The ligaments of the liver, by which it is fupported, are 

 four. Of thefe, one fupports either lobe, and the broad 

 ligament fupports the middle. Thefe ligaments are 

 productions of the peritoneum, and are very different 

 from what are called by the fame name in other parts of 

 the body. They pafs from the diaphragm to the liver. 

 Befides thefe, there is the round ligament, which is 

 formed by the concretion of a considerable blood- 

 veflel of the foetus, and pafles from the liver to the 

 navel. Befides being fupported by thefe ligaments, 

 P 4 the 



