I 226 ] [Book IX. 



CHAP. XXI. 



THE CAVITIES OF THE MOUTH AND FAUCES, fcc. 



The Palate. The Pharynx. ^-The Oefopbagus.Tf.'e Larynx. The 

 Glottis, T/Jt Epiglottis \ 7 'he ff'itisfyi/e. 



IT is unneceflary to enumerate the parts which ex- 

 ternally limit the cavity of the mouth, as the lips, 

 cheeks, &c. fince they are obvious to common obfer- 

 vation. Within the mouth are the bony procefies 

 which* include the teeth, and which are covered by the 

 gums. The upper and arched part of the mouth is 

 called the palate. The palate is divided into the hard 

 and the foft. The hard palate is bounded by the teeth, 

 and is formed by the two ofla maxillaria and offa 

 palati covered with the periofteum and the common 

 coat of the infide of the mouth, which produces, par- 

 ticularly in fome animals, a number of hard ridges. 

 The fofc palate or velum pendulum palatinum is a 

 feptum, which arifes from the external margin of the 

 palate bones, and laterally from a procefs of the fphe- 

 noid bones. It is a moveable foft fubftance, hanging 

 between the cavity of the mouth and the pofterior ter- 

 mination of the noftrils. 



The ibfc palate is compofetl of the common mem- 

 brane of the mouth and nofe, and includes a number of 

 mucous glands, and fome mufcular fubftance. It forms 

 two arches on, each fide, defcending from the hard pa- 

 late. The two anterior of thefe arches are fmaller 

 and thinner, and are inferted laterally into the tongue j 

 the two pofterior are large, and are -connected behind 

 to the pharynx. In the middle and upper part, where 



all 



