Chap. 9.] [ 453 ] 



CHAP. IX *. 



OF PLEASURE AND PAIN. 



Pleafure in confequence of Action.* By 'AJjTociation.By Paffian- 

 Utility . Surf rize . Variety . Regularity . Imagination. 



" ^ I ^O excite us to the actions of thinking and mo- 

 I tion (fays Mr. Locke) the author of nature 

 has joined to feveral thoughts and fenfations a percep- 

 tion of delight; without this we Jhould have no reafon 

 to prefer one thought or action to another, motion to 

 reft; in which ftate man, however furniihed with the 

 faculties of underftanding, &c. would be a very idle 

 inactive creature, and pafs his time only in a lethargic 

 dream. Pain has the fame effect (continues he) to 

 fet us on work that pleafure has; fmce we are as ready 

 to avoid that as to purfue this." 



It is .evident that pain and pleafure are relative terms, 

 expreffive of an alteration in the ftate of the perfon, 

 bodily or mental, ift. Some degree of pleafure or 

 pain attends almoft every impreffion on the five fenfes. 

 2dly. Belief from an uneafy fituation is pleafure ; thus, 

 the wants confequent on our natural appetites are pain- 

 ful, and to fatisfy them pleafant f. 3dly. The recol- 

 lection of the ideas of thofe things which are hurtful 



* At this chapter the fecond part of this book commances, or 

 that which treats of the adive powers of man. 



f The appetites, which are the fprings of the paffions, are, 

 hunger, thirit, and the d-efire of procreation. The bodily affec- 

 t^ons prpJucHye of pain and pleafure, and which are connected 

 with the fenfe of feeling, are, iicknefs and wearinefs, and to thefe 

 we may oppofe the feeling of health and vigour, and the fenfation 

 pf life, or the pleafure attending the moderate a&ion of our feqfes. 



G g 3 to 



