136 BIANTHUS CAKYOPHYLLUS. CHAP. IV. 



first experiment differed from the others in, being slightly more 

 self-fertile. 



The Effects of a Cross with afresh Stock. Twenty flowers on the 

 self-fertilised plants of the last or third generation, in Table XLVL, 

 were fertilised with their own pollen, but taken from other 

 flowers on the same plants. These produced fifteen capsules, 

 which contained (omitting two with only three and six seeds) 

 on an average 47 -Q3 seeds, with a maximum of seventy in one. 

 The self-fertilised capsules from the self-fertilised plants of the 

 first generation yielded the much lower average of 35 ' 95 seeds ; 

 but as these latter plants grew extremely crowded, nothing can 

 be inferred with respect to this difference in their self-fertility. 

 The seedlings raised from the above seeds constitute the plants 

 of the fourth self-fertilised generation in the following table 

 (XLVIL). 



Twelve flowers on the same plants of the third self-fertilised 

 generation, in Table XL VI., were crossed with pollen from the 

 crossed plants in the same table. These crossed plants had been 

 intercrossed for the three previous generations; and many of 

 them, no doubt, were more or less closely inter-related, but not 

 so closely as in some of the experiments with other species ; for 

 several carnation plants had been raised and crossed in the 

 earlier generations. They were not related, or only in a distant 

 degree, to the self-fertilised plants. The parents of both the 

 self-fertilised and crossed plants had been subjected to as nearly 

 as possible the same conditions during the three previous genera- 

 tions. The above twelve flowers produced ten capsules, contain- 

 ing on an average 48*66 seeds, with a maximum in one of 

 seventy-two seeds. The plants raised from these seeds may be 

 called the intercrossed. 



Lastly, twelve flowers on the same self-fertilised plants of the 

 third generation were crossed with pollen from plants which 

 had been raised from seeds purchased in London. It is almost 

 certain that the plants which produced these seeds had grown 

 under very different conditions to those to which my self- 

 fertilised and crossed plants had been subjected ; and they were 

 in no degree related. The above twelve flowers thus crossed 

 all produced capsules, but these contained the low average of 

 37 '41 seeds per capsule, with a maximum in one of sixty-four 

 seeds. It is surprising that this cross with a fresh stock did not 

 give a much higher average number of seeds ; for, as we shall 

 immediately see, the plants raised from these seeds, which may 



