404 ANEMOPHILOTTS PLANTS. CHAP. X 



cretion happened to occur within the envelopes of a 

 flower, it was utilised for the important object of 

 cross-fertilisation, being subsequently much increased 

 in quantity and stored in various ways. This view 

 is rendered probable by the leaves of some trees ex- 

 creting, under certain climatic conditions, without the 

 aid of special glands, a saccharine fluid, often called 

 honey-dew. This is the case with the leaves of the 

 lime; for although some authors have disputed the 

 fact, a most capable judge, Dr. Maxwell Masters, 

 informs me that, after having heard the discussions on 

 this subject before the Horticultural Society, he feels 

 no doubt on this head. Prof. H. Hoffmann has lately 

 (1876) described the case of the leaves of a young 

 camellia secreting profusely, without the possibility of 

 the intervention of aphides. The leaves, as well as 

 the cut stems, of the manna ash (Fraxinus ornus) 

 secrete in a like manner saccharine matter.* According 

 to Treviranus, so do the upper surfaces of the leaves 

 of Carduus arctioides during hot weather. Many ana- 

 logous facts could be given.f There are, however, 

 a considerable number of plants which bear small 

 glands J on their leaves, petioles, phyllodia, stipules, 



* ' Gard. Chron.' 1876, p. 242. excretion by many epiphytal or- 

 t Kurr, ' Untersuchungen iiber chids and passion-flowers. Mr. 

 die Bedeutung der Nektarien,' Rodgers has seen much nectar 

 1833, p. 115. secreted from the bases of the 

 J A large number of cases are flower-peduncles of Vanilla. Link 

 given by Delpino in the ' Bui- says that the only example of a 

 letino Entomologico,' Anno vi. hypopetalous nectary known to 

 1874. To these may be added him is externally at the base of 

 those given in my text, as well the flowers of Chironia decussata : 

 as the excretion of saccharine see ' Reports on Botany, Ray So- 

 matter from the calyx of two ciety,' 1846, p. 355. An impor- 

 species of Iris, and from the brae- tant memoir bearing on this sub- 

 teas of certain Orchideae : see Kurr, ject has lately appeared by Reinke 

 1 Bedeutung der Nektarien,' 1833, ('Gottingen Nachrichten,' 1873, 

 pp. 25, 28. Belt also refers (' Ni- p. 825), who shows that in many 

 earagua,' p. 224) to a similar plants the tips of the serrations 



