ENGLISH PLEASURE GARDENS 



harmful birds away from their crops. Terminal statues 

 with knobs below the shoulders, from which a votive 

 garland of flowers might be hung, seem especially fit 

 for the open air. 



Refreshment being one of the most desirable luxu- 

 ries for human beings and a necessity for the vegetation, 

 an abundance of water was in- 

 dispensably connected with out- 

 of-door dwelling-places. In the 

 baths, fish-ponds, and fountains 

 great ingenuity was displayed to 

 please the eye while the body 

 was being reinvigorated. An 

 aquarius was one of the most highly skilled slaves 

 employed at the villa; under his direction many useful 

 and ornamental water-works, designed by the architects 

 and engineers, were kept in order. From an elaborate 

 chateau d'eau to a slender font of drinking-water, almost 

 every form of ornamental hydraulics with which we are 

 familiar, and many others now unknown, seem to have 

 been employed by the ancients. 



At Pompeii there are a variety of fountains in a good 

 state of preservation. Hardly a peristyle is without a 

 rectangular basin of water a foot or two deep, either 

 lined with marble or mosaic. Usually they are placed 

 entirely below the level of the pavement, but occasion- 

 ally the edge of the basin is surmounted by a marble 



