THE NATUBAL SYSTEM. 261 



b. The Poppy family is distinguished also by having 

 many stamens, but the carpels are united into a single- 

 celled, many-seeded pistil. Two sepals soon fall off, 

 and there are generally four petals. 



c. The Cruciferous family have flowers with six 

 stamens, two of which are shorter than the other four. 

 Sepals and petals, each four, arranged in crosses. The 

 fruit is either a pod or a pouch. This family is iden- 

 tical with the Linnaean class 15, Tetr adynamia. 



d. The Chickweed or Carnation family has jointed 

 stems, with opposite and entire leaves at the joints. 

 The flowers have long and narrow petals at the lower 

 part, expanding at the upper, as the pink and carna- 

 tion ; these are termed unguiculate petals. 



Families numbered 2, 17, 19, and 23 contain trees 

 only. Families numbered 12 and 14 have four or five 

 stamens. Families 9, 10, and 20 have five stamens. 

 No. 5, six stamens. No. 11, eight stamens. Nos. 19 

 and 21, ten stamens. Nos. 15 and 17 have many 

 stamens united in one or more sets ; and Nos. 3, 7, 

 and 8 have many stamens free. 



2. CalyciflorcB. The distinguishing features of this 

 sub-class are flowers with calyx and corolla. The 

 parts of the flower are usually in fours or fives, or 



