EVOLUTION OF BIRD- SONG 



CHAPTER IX 



THE INFLUENCE OF IMITATION IN RELATION TO BIRD-SONG 



PAGES 



Imitation by dogs and other animals The notes of some birds 

 wholly perpetuated by imitation ; of others wholly by inherit- 

 ance Observations of authors on the mimicry of birds 

 House-sparrow with lark's song, and other instances Pos- 

 sible effects of imitation Interesting similarities observable : 

 between notes of birds and sounds produced by elements the 

 music of the streams by insects, by quadrupeds, by birds 

 General observations Chief subjects imitated by various 

 birds thrushes, robins, skylarks, sedge - warblers showed 

 influence of arrival of summer migrants Full records of 

 songs of thrush, robin, skylark, starling, sedge -warbler, 

 redstart, nightingale, marsh-warbler, wheatear, goldcrest, 

 whitethroats, nuthatch, reed - bunting, stonechat, blackbird, 

 chaffinch, and others ..... 159-229 



CHAPTER X 



THE MUSIC OF BIRD-SONG 



Repetition of intervals of pitch Our diatonic scale was known 

 3000 years ago Curious intervals sung by great titmouse, 

 chaffinch, and robin Curious crowing of fowls Intervals in 

 blackbirds' alarms Music of the blackcap, mistle-thrush, and 

 American robin ...... 230-238 



CONCLUSION ...... 239-240 



APPENDIX 



Transcripts of music sung by blackbirds, thrushes, and skylarks 241-246 



BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE SUBJECT . . . 247, 248 



INDEX .... . 249-253 



