462 NOTES. 



possible, by discovering their historic evolution. Its future 

 promises to be most fruitful. Cf. " Aims and Methods of the 

 Recent History of Evolution" (" Ziele und Wege der Heutigen 

 Eritwickelungsgeschichte," pp. 92-98. Jena, 1876). 



15 (i. 27). Aristotle. Five books on the generation and 

 evolution of animals (jrepl cou>v yeveVeos). 



16 (i. 28). Parthenogenesis. On " virginal generation," 

 or the "immaculate conception" of Invertebrates, especially of 

 Articulated Animals (Crustacea, Insecta, etc.), see Siebold. 

 "Remarks on Parthenogenesis among Arthropoda " (" Beitrage 

 zur Parthenogenesis der Arthropoden." Leipzig, 1871). Georg 

 Seidlitz, " Parthenogenesis and its Relation to other Forms of 

 Generation in the Animal Kingdom " (" Die Parthenogenesis und 

 ihr Verhiiltniss zu den iibrigen Zeugungs-Arten im Thierreich." 

 Leipzig, 1872). 



17 (i. 34). The Prefonnation-theory. This theory is, in 

 Germany, usually called " Evolutions-theorie," in distinction from 

 the " Epigenesis-theorie." As, however, in England, France, and 

 Italy, the latter is, on the contrary, usually called the theory of 

 evolution, evolution and epigenesis being used as synonymous 

 terms, it appears better to call the former " the theory of pre- 

 formation." Recently Kolliker has called his " theory of hetero- 

 genous generation " " Evolutionism " (note 47). Cf. preface, 

 p xxx. 



18 (i. 37). Alfred Kirchhoff, "Caspar Friedrich Wolff, hia 

 Life and Teaching in the Science of Organic Evolution." 

 " Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaft," 1868, vol. iv. 

 p. 193. 



19 (i. 43). Part of the writings left by Wolff have not yet 

 been published. His most important works are -the dissertation 

 for the degree of doctor, Theoria generations (1759), and his 

 model treatise " de formatione intestinorum " (on the formation 

 of the intestinal canal). "Nov. Comment. Acad. Sc. Petropol.," 

 xii. 1768; xiii. 1769. Translated into German by Meckel. 

 Halle, 1812. 



20 (i. 51). Christian Pander, " Historia metamorphoseos, quam 



