INDEX 



249 



Campanula, 45 

 Carboniferous flora, 101 



formation, 25, 26 

 Carnivorous plants, 31 

 Carpels, 44 

 Carruthers, W., 80 

 Casts of plants, 20 

 Catkin-bearing trees, 45 

 Census of vegetable kingdom, 



28,29 



Ceratophyllum, 34 

 Ceratozamia, 59 



stem, 62 

 Cheirostrobus 



cone, 214 



sporangia, 215 



sporophyll, 215 

 Cherry, 47 

 Cilia, 73 

 Circinate, 61 

 Classification, natural system 



of, 15 



Club-mosses, 137, 155 

 Coal-balls, 25 



measures, 20, 25 



period, 133 

 Cones 



Calamite, *206, 205-209 



Cheirostrobus, 214 



Cycads, 63-67 



Encephalartos, 66 



Equisetum, 193, 196 



Lepidodendrese, 182 



Lycopodium, 156 



Selaginella, 162 



Sphenophyllum, 215, *216 

 Coniferae relation to Cordai- 



tese, 132 

 Conifers, 57 



Mesozoic, 57 

 Cordaiteaj, 114, 127-133 ,220 



compared with Pterido- 



sperms, 130 

 Cordaites, 127, *128 



fructification, 130 



leaves, 128 



ovules, 130 

 Cordaites, pollen-chamber, 



130 



seeds, 131 



stamens, 130 



stem, 129 

 Corolla, 44 

 Cotyledons, 54 

 Cretaceous, 56 



formation, 23, 38 

 Cross-fertilisation, 41 

 Cryptogams, 134 



age of, 101, 133 



higher, 18 



origin of, 222 



higher relation to Bryo- 



phytes, 223-225 

 Cultivated plants, 7, 19 

 Cycadacese, see Cycads 

 Cycadella, 82 

 Cycadeoidea equals Bennetti- 



tes 

 Cycadophyta, 78, 97 



and Angiosperms, 98 



origin of, 99, 116 

 Cycads, 57, 154 



carpels, 66 



cones, 63-67 



cotyledons, 77 



distribution, 60 



embryo, 76 



female fructification, 68-70 



fertilisation, 70-76 



fructification, 63-76 



leaf, 60-62 



Mesozoic, 57, 77, 95 



ovules, 66 



recent, 58-77 



spermatozoids, 71-76 



stamens, 65 



stem, 62 

 Cycas, 59, 61, 99, 117, 118 



