282 EVOLUTION, OLD AND NEW. 



Constances " or environment, as I will more fully show 

 later on, and are also expressly called attention to by 

 the greater number of them.* 



" Animals, except those which are herbivorous, prey 

 upon one another ; and the herbivorous are exposed to 

 the attacks of the flesh-eating races. 



" The strongest and lest armed for attach eat the 

 weaker ', and the greater kinds eat the smaller. Indivi- 

 duals of the same race rarely eat one another ; they 

 war only with other races than their own." f 



Dr. Darwin here again has the advantage over La- 

 marck ; for he has pointed out how the males contend 

 with one another for the possession of the females, 

 which I do not find Lamarck to have done, though he 

 would at once have admitted the fact. Lamarck con- 

 tinues : 



" The smaller kinds of animals breed so numerously 

 and so rapidly that they would people the globe to the 

 exclusion of other forms of life, if nature had not 

 limited their inconceivable multitude. As, however, 

 they are the prey of a number of other creatures, live 

 but a short time, and perish easily with cold, they are 

 kept always within the proportions necessary for the 

 maintenance both of their own and of other races. % 



"As regards the larger and stronger animals, they 

 would become dominant, and be injurious to the con- 

 servation of many other races, if they could multiply in 

 too great numbers. But as it is, they devour one 

 another, and breed but slowly, and few at a birth, so 



* See pp. 227 and 259 of this book. 



t 'Phil. Zool.,' torn. i. p. 113. J Page 113. 



