'56 EVOLUTION AND SOCIAL PROGRESS 



scriptural fact to which we should not fail to 

 call attention and that is that the use of the word 

 bara, which "always means the production of 

 something totally new, and in an original man- 

 ner, or what we call 'creation out of nothing,' " 

 occurs in three places only in the Genesis account : 



Verse i. "In the beginning God created heaven and earth." 

 The creation of the heavens and the earth as a whole. 



Verse 21. "And God created great whales and every living 

 and moving creature" (i. e., the starting point of animal life, 

 which could not evolve of itself out of lifeless matter). 



Verse 27. "And God created man to his own image and 

 likeness" (i*. e., the origin of the spiritual soul of man, which 

 could not evolve out of mere animal life). 8 



In other places the words used are: asah, to 

 make ; yasar, to form, and banah, to build. Thus 

 the body of man was not directly created but 

 formed out of the dust of the earth whether 

 immediately or through evolution from some 

 lower forms we shall consider later. But the 

 existence of the intelligent soul can be due only 

 to the distinctive action described by the word 

 bara, for: "Interpreters understand this image 

 and likeness (of God) to consist in the mental 

 qualities of intellect and free will, which are the 

 properties of a rational and responsible being." * 

 Again, however, we must not leap to the rash con- 

 clusion that therefore it follows that these three 



'"The Bombay Examiner," Feb. 28, 1920. Zahm, "Bible 

 Science and Faith," p. 54. 

 ' * Ibid., March 20, 1920. 



