I7O EVOLUTION AND SOCIAL PROGRESS 



posed missing link, as also to the question of the 

 Neanderthal man. Might their bones at last be 

 allowed to rest in peace ! But we shall again be 

 obliged to return to this subject in our chapter on 

 "The Antiquity of Man," where we must further 

 consider the very typical statements made by Pro- 

 fessor Conklin. 



The evolution of the human soul is out of all 

 question, scientifically as well as religiously. In 

 regard to man's body the evidence of evolution 

 could clearly not afford more, at the best, than 

 a legitimate guess, on the supposition that there 

 were no conflicting reason to destroy the founda- 

 tion of even such a concession. Scientifically, while 

 there are many similarities between man and the 

 higher mammals, there are also great divergencies 

 which make any certain conclusion impossible. 2 

 "The radical difference," says O. Walkhoff, "goes 

 so far that it is possible to determine analytically 

 from any X-ray photograph of a frontal section, 

 and even from any complete piece of bone, 

 whether it belonged to a man or an ape ; in other 

 words, whether its owner walked upright or 

 not." 3 Ranke in his celebrated work, "Der 

 Mensch" has indicated the striking differences be- 

 tween man and beast in their structure. Many 

 other anthropologists of note have insisted that 



"The bodily difference between man and the apes are stated 

 fully and clearly in J. Ranke's "Der Mensch" (2 vols.) and 

 Bumuller's "Mensch oder Affe." 



z See Wasmann, "Modern Biology," p. 445. 



