ORDER PRIMATES: PRIMATES 137 



Collared Lemur. Maki a f raise (Fr.) 



LEMUR MACACO OOLLARIS E. Geoffrey-Sain t-Hilaire 



Lemur collaris [E.] Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. [Paris], 



vol. 19, p. 161, 1812. ("Madagascar.") 

 SYNONYMS: Prosimia melanocephala J. E. Gray (1863); P. xanthomystax 



J. E. Gray (1863); ?F. flavifrons J. E. Gray (1867); Lemur nigerrimus 



P. L. Sclater (1880); Lemur mongoz var. cinereiceps Milne Edwards and 



Grandidier (1890). 

 FIGS.: Geoffroy and Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm., livr. 2, pi. 11, 1819; Proc. 



Zool. Soc. London 1863, pi. 17 (as Prosimia xanthomystax), pi. 18 (as P. 



melanocephala) ; ?Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1867, pi. 31 (as P. flavifrons) ; 



?Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1880, p. 451, fig. 2 (as Lemur nigerrimus) ; 



Milne Edwards and Grandidier, 1890, pis. 140, 147 (as L. mongoz var. 



cinereiceps); Elliot, 1913, vol. 1, pi. 6 (as L. julvus). 



This lemur appears to be common in southeastern Madagascar. 



Pelage rufous-brown above, fulvous below; a ruff of rufous 

 hairs; face lead-colored (E. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 1812, p. 161). 

 Cheeks orange-yellow; ground color light brown; a faint spinal 

 line generally present; female generally with head gray. "This 

 race . . . may be slightly smaller than the other races .... There 

 is considerable individual variation, especially as regards the amount 

 of black, grey, or reddish brown on the crown and forehead. There 

 are female specimens which have a lot of black on the head like the 

 males, but specimens occur too without any black markings, or even 

 with a reddish crown, which resembles the colour of the back." 

 (Schwarz, 1931, pp. 410, 412-413.) 



"The range of this form is only imperfectly known. It clearly 

 inhabits the south-eastern coast from Ft. Dauphin in the south to 

 at least Masindrano in the north. How far it goes into the interior 

 is not known, but it would appear that it is restricted to the coastal 

 forests, as L. /. rufus is already found in eastern Betsileo. It also 

 remains to be ascertained where the ranges of collaris and julvus 

 meet." Specimens are recorded from: Farafangana, about 23 S. ; 

 Loholoka, about 21 60' S.; and Fort Dauphin. (Schwarz, 1931, 

 p. 412.) 



Ten specimens of "Lemur nigerrimus" were collected by the 

 Mission Zoologique Franco-Anglo-Americaine of 1929-31 (Delacour, 

 1932, p. 220). 



"At Vondrozo, in June and July, this lemur was common in the 

 rain forest, usually traveling in the trees in parties of from four 

 to six. . . . 



"The animals were not shy and could be closely approached .... 



"Several stomachs examined contained woody fruits of forest 

 trees and one, green vegetable matter that was possibly leaves. 



"At Manomba in October many females were carrying young." 

 (Rand. 1935, p. 97.) 



