ORDER CARNIVORA: CARNIVORES 223 



Castelli (1935, p. 33) quotes the Alpines Handbuch (1931) to the 

 effect that the last one was killed in Wetterstein, Bavaria, in 1864. 



Denmark. The bear was once generally distributed over Den- 

 mark. Remains have been found in the ancient kitchen middens, 

 but there is no information on the occurrence of the species within 

 historic times. (Winge, 1908, p. 127.) 



Switzerland. In 1869 Fatio (pp. 301-302) gave the following 

 account of the bear's status: It was formerly abundant in the 

 north and center of Switzerland but has gradually retired to the 

 high Alps. It is now scarcely found except in Orisons, in Tessin 

 (where 9 specimens were killed from 1852 to 1862), and here and 

 there in the Jura. It has almost entirely disappeared in Valais 

 and Uri. Basle, Lucerne, Schwyz, and Berne have no more bears. 



Castelli (1935, pp. 25-27) supplies the following records: The last 

 bears near Zurich were killed or recorded in 1565, in Unterwald in 

 1664, in Fribourg in 1698, while in Solothurn 38 were killed from 

 1507 to 1737. Other last records are: Berne, 1815; Glarus, 1816; 

 Vaud, 1843; Valais, 1860; Uri, 1898. In the Engadine 5 were killed 

 in 1852, 8 in 1861, 6 in 1872, and 4 in 1873. In Orisons 25 were 

 killed from 1878 to 1887, 9 from 1888 to 1897, and 3 within the 

 following decade; the last one was killed in 1904 in Val Minger, but 

 a female with two cubs was reported seen as late as 1919 in Val 

 Lavirum. 



The species is now of exceptional occurrence in Switzerland, being 

 represented only by an occasional straggler across the border from 

 western Trentino, Italy (Tratz, in Castelli, 1935, p. 9). 



Italy. The bear is now restricted to two general areas in Italy 

 the extreme north and the mountains of Abruzzi. 



From 1837 to 1852 146 specimens were killed in Trentino. The 

 species is now protected there by the Italian Government. (G. 

 Schlesinger, in Hit., March, 1937.) 



According to Castelli (1935, pp. 50-135), 77 bears were killed in 

 Trentino from 1886 to 1912. In the district of Cles, at the north 

 end of the Group of Brenta, the following numbers were killed: 26 

 from 1886 to 1891; 5 in 1895; 2 in 1900; 1 in 1901; 2 in 1902; 4 in 

 1903; 1 in 1906; 2 in 1908; 2 in 1909; 3 in 1910; 8 in 1911; 2 in 

 1912; 3 in 1913. In Trentino 15 bears have been killed from 1922 

 to 1933, and a small number have been seen yearly up to 1935. The 

 Brenta Group and vicinity form the last refuge of the species in 

 Trentino. It is sedentary there, and is in urgent need of protection, 

 such as would be afforded by the establishment of a National Park. 



Castelli (1935, p. 28) quotes Cermenati to the effect that 40 bears 

 were killed between 1876 and 1886 in Valtellina, Lombardy, Italy. 

 He adds (p. 31) that the last individuals were killed in Valtellina in 

 1896 and 1902. He also mentions (p. 32) a report of Depoli in 1928 



