ORDER ARTIODACTYLA: EVEN -TOED UNGULATES 425 



I questioned as to their being really wild, or having become so sub- 

 sequent to domestication; but the answers were always, emphati- 

 cally, that they had never been tame .... The wild camels were 

 always described to me as smaller in size and much darker in colour 

 than tame ones." 



Brehm (1876, pp. 339-340) had reports of Wild Camels about 

 250 versts southeast of the frontier post of Zaisan, in the direction 

 of Guchen, where they were hunted by the Kirghiz and the Torguts. 

 They ranged thence to the Tian Shan, and were found at times in 

 herds of as many as 30 head. 



"The camels inhabiting Dzungaria . . . are found in the neigh- 

 bourhood of the towns of Guchen and Manas immediately north 

 of the Bogdo-ola range, and some distance south of Zaizan, as 

 indicated by Pallas; they are, however, in comparatively small 

 numbers" (Lydekker, 1901, p. 272) . 



It is probably significant that Carruthers (1913), in his fine 

 account of Dzungaria and its fauna, makes no mention of Wild 

 Camels. I have found no recent record from that region. 



In writing of northeastern Persia, Hedin says (1910, vol. 1, p. 

 398) : "It was also said that forty years ago wild camels occurred in 

 the sandy deserts at the edge of the Kevir, but that nothing had been 

 heard of them in recent times." This region is so distant and so 

 isolated by mountain barriers from the known range of C. 6. ferus 

 that it seems very doubtful if the Persian animals could be of the 

 same origin and status. More likely they were merely feral. 



Family TRAGULIDAE: Chevrotains or Mouse-deer 



This family consists of two widely separated genera, the Asiatic 

 Tragulus and the African Hyemoschus. More than 50 forms of Trag- 

 ulus are recognized ; they range from India through the Malay Pen- 

 insula to Java and Borneo. Hyemoschus consists of a single species, 

 with three subspecies, ranging in the tropical forests from Gambia 

 to the eastern Congo; and Dr. Allen contributes accounts of these 

 to the present volume. 



Water Chevrotain 



HYEMOSCHUS AQUATICUS AQUATICUS (Ogilby) 



Moschus aquaticus Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1840, p. 35, 1841. (Sierra 



Leone.) 

 Fios.: Johnston, 1906, figs. 279-281, and col. plate opp. p. 726. 



Bates's Water Chevrotain 



HYEMOSCHUS AQUATICUS BATESI (Lydekker) 



D[orcatherium] alquaticwri] batesi Lydekker, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 1, 

 p. 133, June 7, 1906. (Efulen, Cameroons.) 



