ORDER ARTIODACTYLA : EVEN-TOED UNGULATES 463 



the stags are worth shooting from our point of view they are not 

 so harassed." (Carruthers, 1915, pp. 154-155.) 



At Maralbashi "a tame Yarkand stag and doe . . . were led out 

 for our amusement. They were full grown animals which the 

 Amban said had been captured in the forests a few miles from 

 Maralbashi. . . . The Yarkand stag is practically extinct. We 

 heard that a few stags were occasionally killed by native hunters." 

 (Morden, 1927, p. 123.) 



J. H. Miller writes (in Carruthers, 1913, p. 609) of the virtually 

 unknown Wapiti of the Dzungarian lowlands: 



The habitat of the stag points to its being identical with Cervus cash- 

 mirianus yarkandensis of the Tarim basin, on the south of the Tian Shan. 

 The altitude, the dense reed-beds, and the poplar forests are identical. To 

 the best of my knowledge, no specimen of this Dzungarian stag has ever been 

 brought to Europe for identification. They are not much hunted by the 

 natives, owing to the density and mosquito-scourged nature of their country, 

 the mountain wapiti (Cervus canadensis asiaticus) being more numerous 

 and much easier to secure. Their habitat is the whole of the jungle-covered 

 country from just east of the Manas River to the south-east of Ebi Nor. 



Hariri an Wapiti; Turkestan Deer; Bokhara Deer 



CERVUS BACTRIANUS Lydekker 



Cervus bactrianus Lydekker, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 5, p. 196, 

 1900. (Based upon a captive specimen in Moscow from "Russian Turke- 

 stan." Later (Lydekker, 1915, vol. 4, p. 138) the type locality was said 

 to be "probably Bokhara.") 



SYNONYM: Cervus hagenbeckii Shitkow (1904). 



FIGS.: Lydekker, 18986, p. 109, fig. 28, and 1901, p. 228, fig. 54; Shitkow, 

 1904, pp. 94-103, figs. 



This is a rare and little-known animal, existing in small numbers 

 in certain parts of Russian Turkestan. The available descriptions 

 are based upon captive specimens. 



The general color at all seasons is ashy gray, with a light yel- 

 lowish sheen; rump patch sandy white; an obscure vertebral stripe 

 extending forward to the crown; whole margin of upper lip light- 

 colored; lower lip and chin sandy white; antlers glossy white, nor- 

 mally f our-tined ; bez tine absent ; fourth tine better developed than 

 the third; length of antlers on outside curve, 40 inches. Height of 

 male at shoulder, 46 inches; of female, about 44 inches. (Lydekker, 

 18986, p. 109; Shitkow, 1904, pp. 92-102; Ward, 1935, p. 3.) 



Several specimens are said to have come from Tashkent and 

 Chenkend [=Chimkent?] (Lydekker, 1901, p. 228, and 1902, p. 79). 



Carruthers writes (1915, p. 149) : 



The stag of the Oxus [Amu Darya] Valley is confined to the jungles which 

 margin the river, its habits and environment corresponding to those of the 

 Yarkand stag .... I know this stag to be numerous on the course of the 



