550 EXTINCT AND VANISHING MAMMALS 



About 15 years ago, when rinderpest was raging among the Cara- 

 baos of Mindoro, the Tamaraos were also affected. In the mean- 

 time the rinderpest has been brought largely under control. (E. D. 

 Merrill, oral communication, 1938.) 



Common Anoa 



ANOA DEPRESSICORNIS (Hamilton Smith) 



A[ntilope] Depressicorms Hamilton Smith, Griffith's Cuvier's Anim. Kingdom, 

 vol. 4, p. 293, 1827. ("Island of Celebes"; type locality here restricted to 

 the vicinity of Menado, northeastern Celebes. 1 ) 



FIGS.: Quoy and Gaimard, 1829, pi. 20; Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. Astrolabe, 

 Atlas zool., Mamm., pi. 26, 1833; Gray, Gleanings from Knowsley Mena- 

 gerie, pi. 30, 1850; Schlegel, Handleiding Dierk., Atlas, pi. 5, fig. 5, 1857; 

 Vogt and Specht, 1883, p. 337, fig.; Royal Nat. Hist., vol. 2, p. 207, fig., 

 1894; Lydekker, 1898c, pi. 10 and p. 133, fig. 26; Lydekker, 1903, pi. 

 facing p. 304; Ouwens, 1911, pi. 2. 



Evidently the Anoas of Celebes are at least less numerous than 

 formerly, and F. N. Chasen writes us (in litt., March 31, 1937) that 

 the two species "are certainly worthy a place in your list." 



Owing to the long-standing confusion in the systematics of these 

 animals, and to the vagueness of many of the records as to locality, 

 it is frequently impossible to differentiate between the two forms 

 in the literature. However, as a provisional arrangement, all Anoas 

 of Celebes, except those of certain mountain areas in the western 

 part, will be ref erred to depressicornis (cj. distributional map in 

 Mohr, 1921, p. 212). 



The height at the shoulder is about 3 feet 3 inches; limbs rather 

 short, body plump, neck thick; tail reaching about to the hocks; 

 young animals covered thickly with woolly hair; skin of old ones 

 almost completely bare; color of adults varying from dark brown to 

 blackish, often with white areas on lower limbs, throat, hind part 

 of neck, in front of eyes, on sides of lower jaw, and on inner surface 

 of ears; under parts generally light brown. Horns up to 15| inches 

 in length along outer curve, ringed and triangular at the base, nearly 

 straight, and directed upwards and outwards nearly in the plane 

 of the forehead; tips sharply pointed. (Lydekker, 1898c, pp. 132- 

 133.) Tail, 11 to 11| inches (Quoy and Gaimard, 1830, vol. 1, 

 p. 136). The white areas in the pelage appear to be a variable 

 feature. The horns are much longer than in fergusoni; those of the 

 type were described as "ten inches long." 



Heller (1892, p. 4) refers to the Anoa as common in Gorontalo, 

 northern Celebes. He also says (p. 6) that it is retreating before 



itf/. Weber (1890-91, p. 112): "Hitherto this curious animal has been known 

 only from North-Celebes/' The first definite locality mentioned in the literature 

 seems to be Menado (Quoy and Gaimard, 1829, p. 426). 



