ORDER ARTIODACTYLA: EVEN-TOED UNGULATES 553 



It is still frequently collected for zoos. The hide [presumably of 

 fergusoni] is highly appreciated everywhere in Toradja. The Koela 

 people (Paloe Subdivision, Donggala Division) use the hide, 

 tanned white with the tail still on, as a dancing dress. The nature 

 reserves of G. Lokon and G. Tjongkoko Batoeangoes are of prac- 

 tically no use since water is lacking. Some other suitable reserve 

 in the Menado Residency would perhaps be the means of saving 

 the species from extermination. 



The Sarasins report (1905, vol. 1, p. 159) that the Anoas are 

 apparently not attacked by the bloodthirsty land leeches that 

 swarm in the mountains; this is perhaps because of the toughness 

 of their hides. 



Mountain Anoa 



ANOA FERGUSONI (Lydekker) 



Bos (Bubalus) depressicornis fergusoni Lydekker, The Field, vol. 106, no. 2747, 

 p. 378, 1905. (Type locality unknown; probably the mountains of western 

 Celebes.) 



SYNONYM: Anoa quarlesi Ouwens (1910). 



FIGS.: Ouwens, 1910, frontisp., and 1911, pi. 1; Lydekker, 1912, pi. 23; Mohr, 

 1921, p. 210, fig.; Dammerman, 1929, p. 27, fig. 7. 



Scarcely any information is available as to the numerical status 

 of the Mountain Anoa, which appears to have a much more re- 

 stricted range than the Common Anoa. From the nature of its 

 haunts, it perhaps enjoys more security than the latter. 



The name fergusoni was unfortunately based upon a zoo animal 

 of unknown origin. "The height of the female is only 27 in., and 

 that of the male 29^ in. Both animals are brown, and both show 

 spots on the face, while in both the tail does not reach nearly to the 

 hocks." (Lydekker, 1905, p. 378.) They are further described 

 as woolly-coated when young. 



Ouwens (1910, p. 7) was evidently not aware of Lydekker 's 

 jergusoni when he described Anoa quarlesi from the high forested 

 mountains of the central region of Toradja. (These mountains lie 

 near the northwestern angle of the Gulf of Boni.) The essential 

 characters given for quarlesi are: pelage uniform light brown, 

 except for small light spots on all limbs above the hoofs; hair 

 long, soft, and woolly; tail short, reaching scarcely more than 

 halfway to the hocks; inner surface of ears dark brown; height at 

 shoulder, 25 inches; length of tail, 7 inches; horns, about 6-6J 

 inches. 



The two descriptions are in such close accord as to make it 

 appear extremely probable that quarlesi is a synonym of fergusoni. 



Practically the only information we have on the range of the 

 Mountain Anoa is furnished by Ouwens (1910, pp. 6-7; 1911, 



