554 EXTINCT AND VANISHING MAMMALS 



pp. 452-453). The two living cotypes of quarlesi came, as men- 

 tioned above, from the mountains of Toradja. The same small 

 form occurs in the high districts of Binoewang (on the west coast 

 of Celebes, at about lat. 3 30' S.). Even the natives distinguish it 

 from the Common Anoa by a name signifying "Small Anoa." The 

 large form alone occurs in the swampy lowland woods of Malili 

 Rongkong and Kolaka (on the southeastern peninsula), and not 

 in the mountains. Specimens of the latter are recorded from Malili 

 and the island of Buton. 



Thus fergusoni appears to be a dwarf form restricted, as far as 

 known, to the mountains of western Celebes (c/. distributional map 

 in Mohr, 1921, p. 212). In the absence of any definite evidence of 

 intergradation with depressicornis, it may rank as a full species. 



Ouwens remarks (1910, p. 2) on the gentle nature of the present 

 species, as compared with the viciousness of the Common Anoa. 

 Heynsius-Viruly and Van Heurn (1936, p. 52) refer to it as "the 

 kind called 'tokata' by the Toradja (perhaps a distinct species)," 

 and remark on its not being dangerous. 



P. and F. Sarasin (1905, vol. 2, p. 318) report Anoas as numerous 

 about the high Peak of Bantaeng [or Bonthain] (near the tip of the 

 southwestern peninsula), where the natives pursue them with dogs 

 and spear them. This suggests the probability of the Bonthain Anoa 

 being fergusoni, since the Common Anoa would be a very dangerous 

 animal to hunt by such a. method. 



Cape Buffalo 



SYNCERUS CAFFER CAFFER (Sparrman) 



Bos caffer Sparrman, Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., Stockholm, vol. 40, 

 p. 79, 1779. (Sunday River, Algoa Bay, Cape of Good Hope.) 



SYNONYMS: See Allen, G. M., Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 83, pp. 551-552, 

 Feb. 1939. 



FIGS.: Illustr. London News, vol. 99, no. 2583, p. 1 (insert), 1936 (col. photo., 

 Addo Bush) ; Roosevelt and Heller, Life Histories of African Game 

 Animals, vol. 1, pis. facing pp. 406, 412, 1914 (East Africa) ; Rowland 

 Ward's Records of Big Game, ed. 10, pi. facing p. 300 (horns), 1935. 



In spite of the many names applied to the buffaloes of Africa, 

 there seem to be but two really valid forms of the larger open- 

 country species: the typical one of southern and eastern Africa 

 and a northern and eastern race (aequinoctialis) , The smaller ani- 

 mal of the Congo basin is at present regarded as a distinct species, 

 S. nanus, the Dwarf or Forest Buffalo. The typical form is now 

 gone from much of its former range in southern Africa but is still 

 plentiful in suitable localities over the eastern parts of the conti- 

 nent, while the northern race also is locally common. It will suffice 

 to call attention merely to the present status of the typical race. 



