576 EXTINCT AND VANISHING MAMMALS 



In Austria it has been introduced in various places in Burgen- 

 land, Carinthia, and Lower Austria. In Salzburg there are about 

 200 head. Where care is taken of the animals, they seem to thrive 

 quite well. (G. Schlesinger, in Hit., March, 1937.) 



In Rumania the animal was introduced from 1860 on, in Ghimes, 

 Transylvania. The attempt gave very good results; the hunting 

 from 1871 to 1904 yielded 759 individuals. This stock was ex- 

 terminated during the Communists' trouble (1918), but is now being 

 reestablished. There have been two other very successful at- 

 tempts at Bale, Bihar, Transylvania, and on Mount Retezat in 

 the southern Carpathians. (R. J. Calinescu, in litt., September, 

 1937.) 



Siberian Argali; Mongolian Argali 



Ovis AMMON AMMON (Linnaeus) 



Capra Ammon Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, vol. 1, p. 70, 1758. (Based upon the 

 "Argali" of J. G. Gmelin (Reize door Siberien naar Kamtschatka 1733-43, 

 vol. 1, p. 193, 1752) or the "Rupicapra cornubus arietinis" of J. G. Gmelin 

 (Novi Comm. Acad. Sci. Imper. Petrop., vol. 4, p. 388, pi. 8, figs. 2, 3, 

 1758) ; type locality, apparently the mountains (Russian Altai) about 

 Ust-Kamenogorsk, on the Irtish River, Semipalatinsk, Russian Turkestan.) 



SYNONYMS: Ovis argali Pallas (1777-80); Ovis argali mongolica, 0. a. cdtaica, 

 and O. a. dauricus Severtzov (1873); Ovis ammon przevalskii Nasonov 

 (1923). 



FIGS.: Gmelin, op. cit., 1758, pi. 8, figs. 2, 3; Pallas, 1834-1842, pi.; Severtzov, 

 1873, pi. 4; Lydekker, 1898c, pi. 14, p. 178, fig. 33; Demidoff, 1900, frontisp., 

 pis. facing pp. 260, 290, 310; Lydekker, 1902, p. 81, fig. 15, 1913a, pi. 21, 

 fig. 2, and 1913c, vol. 1, p. 95, fig. 28; C'arruthers, 1913, vol. 2, frontisp., 

 pis. facing pp. 338, 342, and 1915, pis. 68, 71; Nasonov, 1923, pi. 12, fig. 1, 

 pi. 15, fig. 1, pi. 16, fig. 1; Ward, 1935, p. 283, lower fig.; Bull. New York 

 Zool. Soc., vol. 38, no. 2, p. 45, fig., 1935. 



Sushkin (1925, pp. 149-150) restricts this subspecies to the 

 Russian Altai but considers 0. a. przevalskii, of the adjacent Sailu- 

 ghem Range, of uncertain validity. Nasonov (1923, p. 113) and 

 Sushkin (1925, p. 149) recognize mongolica as a distinct form, and 

 give it a range extending from the Mongolian Altai to Transbaikalia. 

 However, the occurrence of both ammon and mongolica in a single 

 mountain range (the combined Russian and Mongolian Altai) does 

 not impress one as a very logical state of affairs. Furthermore, as 

 Hollister (1919, p. 46) has pointed out, Severtzov's name mongolica 

 is preoccupied and not available. For the present, therefore, I shall 

 treat both mongolica and przevalskii as synonyms of ammon, and 

 extend the range of the last from the Russian Altai through north- 

 western Mongolia to Transbaikalia. 



This Argali has been extinct for about a century in Transbaikalia, 

 and is likewise extinct in the western part of the Russian Altai 



