ORDER ARTIODACTYLA I EVEN-TOED UNGULATES 647 



"The Bubaline Antelope . . . formerly found in Tunisia is now 

 quite extinct there, I hear, though it is still found in Southern 

 Algeria and in the Tripolitaine. It must have extended its range 

 once into Central or even Northern Tunisia, judging by the frequency 

 of its appearance in Roman frescoes and mosaics. I am informed 

 by a German naturalist, Mr. Spatz, that in the districts where it 

 still lingers in Tripoli it affects plateaux with a fair amount of vege- 

 tation, rather than the sandy desert which is the home of the 

 Addax." (Johnston, 1898, p. 352.) 



Cabrera (1932, p. 337) includes the interior of Tripoli in the 

 range. 



Enders (1927, pp. 293-296) records a Hartebeest's horn and at- 

 tached fragment of a skull, excavated in 1924-25 at "the mound of 

 Kom Aushim on the northern border of the Fayum province of 

 Egypt .... This mound was formed by the ruins of the ancient 

 town of Karanis." The specimen belongs "to the period between 

 the middle of the second and the middle of the fourth century after 

 Christ." Although the horn is very doubtfully referred to A. lichten- 

 steini, it is much more likely, on zoogeographical grounds, to be 

 buselaphus. 



"The specimens from the Egyptian Tombs at Abadiyeh, near 

 Kairo, and from the Fayum, described by Elaine as Bubalis bubastis, 

 are, however, very similar [to buselaphus], and the same is true of 

 the two splendid specimens from the Tombs of Sakkara, near Thebes 

 .... From the general appearance of these skulls and from the 

 measurements taken there can be little doubt that they are true 

 buselaphus." (Ruxton and Schwarz, 1929, p. 575.) 



"There is no evidence of the occurrence of Hartebeestes as wild 

 animals in Egypt, though the bones of these antelopes have been 

 found in the process of excavating ancient Egyptian tombs" (Flower, 

 1932, p. 437). 



"A hundred years ago the Western Desert of Egypt contained a 

 number of species of antelope such as the . . . hartebeest" (T. W. 

 Russell, MS., September 12, 1934) . 



Palestine and Arabia. "The Bubale I never saw in Palestine; 

 but it certainly exists on the eastern borders of Gilead and Moab, 

 and is well known to the Arabs, who assure me it sometimes comes 

 down to drink at the headwaters of the streams flowing into the 

 Dead Sea, where they not unfrequently capture it. It roams through 

 Arabia and North Africa." (Tristram, 1884, p. 5.) 



"It reappears in Arabia and extends even up to the confines of 

 Palestine. . . . Canon Tristram has kindly allowed one of us to 

 examine a pair of horns obtained from the Arabs in this locality 

 [Dead Sea region], which are apparently referable to a female of 

 this species." (Sclater and Thomas, 1894, vol. 1, p. 10.) 



