704 EXTINCT AND VANISHING MAMMALS 



natives. In the Kwango, the Tshokwe and Lunda natives are 

 actively engaged in exterminating, especially with the aid of en- 

 circling fires, the last bands still wandering in the south of that dis- 

 trict. In 1934, on the right bank of the Loange, 18 were killed at a 

 single place, in one encircling fire. In the district between the Lulua 

 and Tanganyika, the natives each year decimate the remaining 

 bands, with the powerful aid of professional hunters. The intensive 

 mining operations in Maniema have sounded the knell of the rich 

 fauna of that region, everywhere except in the Luama reserve, 

 established tardily and not guarded. It is impossible to estimate the 

 number of Roans remaining in the Congo. Completely annihilated 

 in some regions, they have dangerously diminished in all the others, 

 where they are subjected to ceaseless hunting. The resident's game 

 license allows the killing of 52 antelopes; commercial permits, 180 

 antelopes. As the species are not specified, all of these could be 

 Roans. With the commercial permits suppressed, the sporting 

 licenses should not, in certain districts, authorize the killing of more 

 than one or two male Roans. They ought to be totally protected 

 in all the rest of the colony. The prohibition of encircling fires and 

 of the killing of females and young, restricted bag limits, and the 

 suppression of commercial permits, seem to me the only chances of 

 survival for this species. (A. J. Jobaert, in litt. } November 10, 1936.) 



[The remaining subspecies of the Roan do not appear to have 

 suffered to the same extent as the South African form in reduction of 

 numbers and restriction of range. Their names, together with their 

 ranges (which can be only approximately stated), are: 



H. e. cottoni Dollman and Burlace. 1 ANGOLAN ROAN. Range: 

 Angola. 



H. e. langheldi Matschie. 2 EAST AFRICAN ROAN. Range: Tangan- 

 yika Territory, Kenya, and eastern Uganda. 



H. e. bakeri Heuglin. 3 NILE ROAN. Range: Uganda, Anglo- 

 Egyptian Sudan, northeastern Belgian Congo, and perhaps eastern 

 French Equatorial Africa. 



H. e. scharicus (Schwarz). 4 SHARI ROAN. Range: Lake Chad 

 region. 



H. e. koba (Gray) . 5 GAMBIAN ROAN. Range: Gambia to Nigeria.] 



1 H\_ippotragus] e\_quinus\ cottoni Dollman and Burlace, Rowland Ward's 

 Records of Big Game, ed. 9, p. 265, 1928 ("Quanza River," Angola) . 



2 Hippotragus langheldi Matschie, Sitz.-ber. Ges. Naturf . Freunde Berlin 1898, 

 p. 182 (Tabora, Tanganyika Territory). 



s Hippotragus Bakeri Heuglin, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leopold.-Carol., vol. 30, 

 pt. 2, p. 16, 1863 (apparently Atbara River, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan). 



4 Egocerus equinus scharicus Schwarz, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 11, 

 p. 266, 1913 (Abilela, lower Shari River). 



s Aegocerus koba Gray, Cat. Ruminant Mammalia Brit. Mus., p. 35, 1872. 

 (Gambia.) 



