ORDER ARTIODACTYLA : EVEN -TOED UNGULATES 727 



There are no records to show that this Eland ever was very 

 common, and its numbers have now been considerably depleted by 

 disease as well as by hunting. 



The adult male has a frontal mat of dark chocolate-brown; nose 

 black; sides of head light gray to pale fawn; a narrow white stripe 

 extending obliquely forward from the eye, and a round white spot on 

 the cheek; upper lip and chin white; ears large, externally mostly 

 black, with white tips ; a large dewlap of whitish gray ; a brown and 

 black neck mane of coarse hair, becoming entirely black round the 

 base of the neck and forming a conspicuous collar, bordered pos- 

 teriorly by a white stripe extending halfway to the withers; body 

 color very pale fawn, becoming white on the belly; median dorsal 

 and ventral black stripes; about 10 white stripes running down the 

 sides and haunches; limbs pale fawn, white on the inner sides, with 

 black patches above the hoofs and on the back of the fore limbs 

 above the knees. Horns very straight, stout, and heavy, with the 

 spiral ridges very strongly developed. (Butler, 1905, pp. 289-290.) 

 Roosevelt and Heller (1914, vol. 2, pp. 463-467) give the number of 

 side stripes as 11 to 15, and the maximum horn length as 41 inches. 

 Height at shoulder, 6 feet (Cotton, 1933, p. 1038) . 



"So far as known the giant eland is confined to the Bahr-el-Ghazal 

 and Lado Enclave Provinces of the Egyptian Soudan. It is limited 

 to the western drainage of the Bahr-el-Jebel Nile, extending roughly 

 from the vicinity of Rejaf northward to the Bahr-el-Ghazal River 

 and its continuation the Bahr-el-Arab ; westward it reaches Dem 

 Zubeir in the Dar Fertit country. The distribution is limited to the 

 eastward by the Nile and northward by its chief western affluent, 

 the Bahr-el-Ghazal; while westward the heights of the Nile water- 

 shed confine it. In this latter region, however, it extends to the very 

 borders of the watershed in the Niam-Niam country." (Roosevelt 

 and Heller, 1914, vol. 2, p. 459.) The range is now known to extend 

 into northwestern Uganda and northeastern Belgian Congo. It 

 corresponds in part to the eastern division of the Sudanese Savanna 

 District of Bowen (1933, pp. 256, 258). 



According to Heuglin (1869, as quoted in Sclater and Thomas, 

 1900, vol. 4, p. 207) , the animal "is found in pairs and singly in the 

 forests of the Djur River and amongst the Arol negros." 



Collins (in Butler, 1905, p. 290) writes of seeing a herd of 60. 



Roosevelt and Heller (1914, vol. 2, pp. 459-462) give the fol- 

 lowing information: 



Throughout this range it is distributed only locally and is so rare that it is 

 a very difficult species to obtain. . . . 



Heuglin . . . described the species from a pair of horns collected some- 

 where near the present position of Wau, probably east of it. ... In 1874, 

 Doctor Georg Schweinfurth . . . referred to the eland occurring about the 

 Lehssy River and the village of Sabby [in the Bahr-el-Ghazal region]. 



