FEEDING STANDARDSCALCULATING RATIONS 129 



Amount of different feeds required to equal one feed unit* 



Feed 



Feed required to 

 equal 1 unit 



Average Range 



For dairy cows Lbs. Lba. 

 Concentrates 

 Corn, wheat, rye, barley, hominy feed, dried brewers' grains, wheat middlings, oat 



shorts, peas, molasses beet pulp, dry matter in roots 1.0 



Cottonseed meal 0.8 



Oil meal, dried distillers' grains, gjuten feed, soybeans 0.9 



Wheat bran, oats, dried beet pulp, barley feed, malt sprouts 1.1 



Alfalfa meal, alfalfa-molasses feeds 1.2 



Hay and straw 



Alfalfa hay, clover hay. 2.0 1.5-3.0 



Mixed hay, oat hay, oat and pea hay, barley and pea hay, red top hay 2.5 2.0-3.0 



Timothy hay, prairie hay, sorghum hay 3.0 2. 5-3 . 5 



Corn stover, stalks or fodder, marsh hay, cut straw 4.0 3.5-6.0 



Soiling crops, silage and other succulent feeds 



Green alfalfa 7.0 6.0-8.0 



Green corn, sorghum, clover, peas and oats, cannery refuse 8.0 7.0-10.0 



Alfalfa silage 5.0 



Corn silage, pea vine silage .' 6.0 5.0-7.0 



Wet brewers' grains 4.0 



Potatoes, skim milk, buttermilk 6.0 



Sugar beets 7.0 



Carrots 8.0 



Rutabagas 9.0 8.0-10.0 



Field beets, green rape 10 . 



Sugar beet leaves and tops, whey 12.0 



Turnips, mangels, fresh beet pulp 12.5 10.0-15.0 



The value of pasture is generally placed at 8 to 10 units per day, on the average, 

 varying with kind and condition. 



For pigs 

 Barley, wheat, rye, peas, wheat middlings, linseed cake, soybean cake, peanut 



cake, corn germ meal 1.0 



Meat meal 0.6 



Corn, corn gluten feed . 95 



Dried beet pulp, molasses-beet pulp 1.3 



Skim milk, buttermilk 6.0 



Whey 12.0 



Potatoes 3.6 



Sugar beets 4.0 



Mangels 7.2-9.0 



Rutabagas 8.5 



For horses 



Barley, molasses, dried potato flakes 1 .0 



Corn 0.95-1.0 



Dried beet pulp, dry matter in roots 1.1 



Oats, wheat bran 1.2 



*The values for dairy cows are those computed by Woll for American feeding stuffs, given in Wis. 

 Cir. 37. The values for swine and horses are those given by Hansson in hia book, Utfodringsldra, and in 

 Fahling'9 Landw. Zeit., 65, 1916, p. 314. 



The feed-unit values for dairy cows are not true expressions of net 

 energy, for feeds rich in protein are given a higher value than feeds low 

 in protein which furnish the same amount of net energy. For example, 

 in the feed-unit system, only 0.9 Ib. of linseed meal, gluten feed, or 

 dried distillers' grains is required to equal 1 feed unit. Yet, according 

 to Armsby the net energy value of these feeds is lower than that of corn. 

 Again, the energy value of timothy hay is even higher than that of 

 clover or alfalfa hay, but in the feed-unit system timothy hay is rated 50 

 per ct. below the legume hays. When added to rations deficient in pro- 

 tein, protein-rich feeds are worth more than those which are low in 

 protein but yet furnish an equal amount of net energy. However, as 



