LEADING CEREALS AND THEIR BY-PRODUCTS 167 



taining less fiber and being somewhat lower in protein and higher in 

 nitrogen-free extract than the corresponding wheat feed. 



VI. EMMER; SPELT 



Emmer, Triticum sat., var. dicoccum, often incorrectly called " spelt" 

 or "speltz," was introduced into America from Germany and Russia. It 

 is a member of the wheat family, altho in appearance the grain resembles 

 barley. Being drought resisting, emmer is of value in some of the semi- 

 arid regions of America. Emmer is grown chiefly in the northern plains 

 states, the average yield per acre being about 22 bushels of 40 Ibs. each. 

 The adherent hulls of emmer represent about 21 per ct. and the kernels 

 79 per ct. of the grain. 



The following table shows the average yields of various spring grains 

 grown without irrigation for 8 years at the North Dakota Station at 

 Fargo, 29 for 5 years at the North Platte, Nebraska, Station, 30 and for 

 10 years at the South Dakota Station at Brookings. 31 



Yield of emmer compared with other spring grains 



Grain 



Emmer 



Barley 



Oats 



Wheat 



Durum wheat 



* Av. of 7 years. 



While emmer outyielded all the other cereals except oats in the North 

 Dakota trials, at the other stations it was considerably excelled by other 

 grains. Before planting any large acreage, one should therefore find 

 out whether the yield compares favorably with the other cereals in that 

 particular section. Winter emmer, introduced more recently into the 

 United States, is of considerable promise in states where it is hardy. 32 



Spelt, Triticum spelta, another relative of the common wheat, is little 

 grown in this country and has been largely displaced by other grains 

 where once grown in Europe. The grain resembles emmer in composition 

 and feeding value. 



233. Emmer as a feed. In composition emmer closely resembles oats. 

 Like that grain it is somewhat bulky to use as the sole concentrate for 

 fattening animals, and gives better results when mixed with corn or 

 barley. (852) Tho its value is usually somewhat lower than that of 

 corn, with corn silage and linseed meal ground emmer proved equal to 

 corn, pound for pound, with fattening steers in a trial at the South Da- 

 kota Station. (743) With dairy cows and fattening pigs its value is 

 somewhat less than that of corn. (582, 947) 



29 N. D. Bui. 75. W S. D. Bui. 179. 



s Nebr. Bui. 135. M U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bui. 466. 



