Feeding Stuffs Control. 223 



gerous. As most of the mill and factory by-products are legitimate 

 and useful, so most of them are properly handled and sold. On the 

 other hand, all over the country individuals and firms are practicing 

 all degrees of adulteration of feeding stuffs. 



344. Examples of feed adulteration. In Tennessee the United 

 States Department of Agriculture 1 seized a shipment labeled " Mixed 

 Wheat Middlings, from Pure Wheat Bran and Ground Corn," which 

 consisted of bran and ground corn cobs. Woll and Olson of the Wis- 

 consin Station, 2 examining a carload of so-called wheat bran shipped 

 into Wisconsin, found that each pound of the whole carload contained 

 on an average 28,000 pigeon grass seeds, 16,000 wild buckwheat seeds, 

 5,000 pigweed seeds, and many seeds of other kinds. Beach of the 

 Vermont Station, 3 examining 18 brands of molasses and flax feeds 

 offered for sale in his state, found from 1,150 to 131,000 weed seeds 

 in each pound of such feeds. In one case it was estimated that there 

 were 129 million weed seeds, weighing 400 Ibs., in a ton of one of 

 these feeds. Beach found that 2 to 13 per ct. of these seeds would 

 grow after having passed thru the cow. The New York (Geneva) 

 Station 4 found that 7 out of 12 gluten feeds examined contained free 

 mineral acid and a coloring matter used to give the feed a yellow 

 color. (158) 



345. State and national regulation. To protect honest dealers as 

 well as the users of commercial feeding stuffs, laws have been passed 

 by the general government and by many of the states which in general 

 direct that each package or car of concentrated feed must have 

 a label, tag, or statement attached giving the weight of the contents 

 and stating the percentage of crude protein and fat the feed contains. 

 From time to time the experiment stations or boards of agriculture, 

 intrusted with feed supervision, issue bulletins setting forth the re- 

 sults of examinations, analyses, etc. Those interested should consult 

 the bulletins issued, and aid and support the officers in the adminis- 

 tration of the laws. 



Users of purchased feeds in large quantity are generally expe- 

 rienced and buy only the better grades of standard feeding stuffs at 

 close prices. The small buyer, often feeling the pinch of poverty, 

 too frequently is looking for something that sells for less than is de- 

 manded for standard goods, and so is the more easily caught by the 

 low-grade trashy articles often bearing catchy, high-sounding names. 

 Low-grade feeding stuffs, no matter what their names, are almost 

 sure to bring hardship to the animals that are fed on them, and to 



1 Notices of Judgment, 66, 67 Food and Drugs Act. 3 Buls. 131, 133, 138. 



2 Bui. 97. Bui. 303. 



