General Problems in Beef Production. 



321 



Mumford and Hall of the Illinois Station, 1 from extensive corre- 

 spondence with feeders of their state, conclude that a bushel of corn 

 will produce: 



Gain in winter Gain in sum- 



feed lot mer on pasture 



With calves 8.9 pounds 10.0 pounds 



With yearlings 6. 5 pounds 7.6 pounds 



With 2-yr.-olds 5.4pounds 6.8 pounds 



Waters 2 sets forth the following advantages from feeding grain 

 to steers on pasture : 



Grass is cheaper than hay. 



Summer gains require less grain than winter gains. 



Steers fatten more quickly. 



Steers can be made thick and prime on corn and grass with greater cer- 

 tainty, more uniformity, and the smaller use of expensive supplements like 

 cotton-seed meal and linseed meal. 



Hogs following the steers make larger gains, and return more profit, with 

 a lower death rate. 



In summer the grain only is drawn; there is no roughage to handle. 



The steers are usually fed but once daily. 



The manure is scattered by the cattle themselves. (827) 



IV. INFLUENCE OF AGE; BABY BEEF; LONG AND SHORT FEED. 



504. Feed and growth. At the Maryland Station 3 for a period 

 of 2 years Patterson recorded all feed, except pasture grass, eaten 

 by 2 pure-bred Aberdeen-Angus steer calves. Weaned at 5 days, 

 the calves were fed whole milk for 5 months, and had concentrates 

 and hay at all times, running on pasture during the grazing season. 

 The results are summarized in the table: 



Feed, not including pasture, required by steers for growth. 



It is seen that during the first year calf No. 1 made an average 

 daily gain of 1.2 Ibs., requiring, in addition to pasture, an average 



1 Cir. 88. 



2 Mo. Expt. Sta., Cir. of Information, No. 24. 



22 



3 Bui. 121. 



