234 THE FERN PARADISE. 



cases which contain them. In the early summer, 

 and until each frond has reached its full develop- 

 ment, these cases are green; but they soon turn 

 to a rich dark reddish-brown colour, and add to 

 the strikingly ornamental appearance of the frond. 

 The vigour and hardiness of the Male Fern are 

 so great, that in sheltered situations the fronds will 

 oftentimes withstand the winter, remaining fresh 

 and green throughout, and retaining their verdancy 

 until the fresher green of the new spring fronds 

 diminishes their lustre by comparison. 



The root-stock of the Male Fern often becomes 

 very much elongated, and resting horizontally on 

 the hedge-bank or other sloping situation on 

 which it may be placed, sends out its tuft of 

 fronds from one end, whilst the other is plunged 

 in the soil, from whence its matted, wiry, fibrous 

 roots gather the essential moisture. 



No fern can be more easily cultivated than the 

 Male Fern. Its hardy character renders it 

 especially suited to be an inhabitant of the open- 

 air rockery, where it will brave the frosts and 

 snows of winter. It can stand sunshine ; but, like 



