250 TELEOSTEI. PIIYSOSTOMI. 



arising rather nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin, the 

 last undivided ray articulated. Pectoral not quite so long as the 

 head and reaching rather above halfway to the ventral, which 

 latter commencing below the last dorsal ray extends halfway to 



Fig. 92. Dipfychus maculatus. 



the anal. Height of anal nearly three times the length of its base, 

 laid flat the anal reaches the caudal. Settles scattered over the 

 upper two thirds of the body and pectoral region. Tile-like row 

 well developed. Free portion of tail one half longer than high at 

 its base. Colour bluish, lightest inferiorly, indistinctly blotched 

 and spotted in the upper half of the body ; often a narrow dull 

 band along the lateral line, and a second below it. In some spe- 

 cimens the dorsal and caudal fins are much spotted. 



Hob. Head-waters of the Indus, Tibet, Nepal, and affluents of 

 the Yarkand river. 



9. Genus LABEO, Cuvier. 



Syn. Bangana, pt., Ham. Buch. ; Rohita, pt., Cuv. and Val. ; Tylognathus, 

 Heckel ; Nandina, Gray ; Ifypselobarbus, Diplocheihis, Dijtlocheilic/tfJiys, 

 LobocheihtSjIiohitichthys, Murulius, SchismatorJiynchus, and Gobionichtkys, 

 Bleeker ; Gobiobarbtis, IJybowski ; Paralytoynathus, Sauvage. 



Body moderately elongated, abdomen rounded; mouth sometimes 

 anterior but mostly inferior, transverse, and semi-oval. Lips thick, 

 covering the jaws, continuous at the angle of the mouth, and one 

 or both having an inner transverse fold. A soft and movable 

 horny covering, with a sharp margin on the inner side of one or 

 both lips. Snout rounded, generally projecting beyond the mouth, 

 mostly covered with tubercles, and sometimes having a lateral 

 lobe or projection. Barbels, when present, four or two ; if there is 

 only one pair they are on the maxilla, the second being on the 

 snout. Pharyngeal teeth hooked and in three rows, generally 5, 

 4, 2/2, 4, 5. Dorsal fin of moderate length or elongate, destitute 

 of any osseous ray, and arising anterior to the commencement of 

 the ventral. Anal short. Scales of large, moderate, or small size. 

 Lateral line running along the middle of the side of the tail. Gill- 

 rakers usually short. 



